Properties of multicorrelation sequences and large returns under some ergodicity assumptions

Abstract: We prove that given a measure preserving system

(X, m a t h c a l B, m u, T_{1}, d o t s, T_{d})

with commuting, ergodic transformations

T_{i}

such that

T_{i} T_{j}^{- 1}

are ergodic for all

i e q j

, the multicorrelation sequence

a (n) = i n t_{X} f_{0} c d o t T_{1}^{n} f_{1} c d o t d o t s o c d o t T_{d}^{n} f_{d} d m u

can be decomposed as

a (n) = a_{e x t r m s t} (n) + a_{e x t r m e r} (n)

, where

a_{e x t r m s t}

is a uniform limit of

d

-step nilsequences and

a_{e x t r m e r}

is a nullsequence (that is,

l i m_{N - M o i n f t y} f r a c 1 N - M s u m_{n = M}^{N - 1} | a_{e x t r m e r} |^{2} = 0

). Under some additional ergodicity conditions on

T_{1}, d o t s, T_{d}

we also establish a similar decomposition for polynomial multicorrelation sequences of the form

a (n) = i n t_{X} f_{0} c d o t p r o d_{i = 1}^{d} T_{i}^{p_{i, 1} (n)} f_{1} c d o t d o t s o c d o t p r o d_{i = 1}^{d} T_{i}^{p_{i, k} (n)} f_{k} d m u

, where each

p_{i, k} : m a t h b b Z i g h t a r r o w m a t h b b Z

is a polynomial map. We also show, for

d = 2

, that if

T_{1}, T_{2}, T_{1} T_{2}^{- 1}

are invertible and ergodic, we have large triple intersections: for all

v a r e p s i l o n > 0

and all

A i n m a t h c a l B

, the set

n i n m a t h b b Z : m u (A c a p T_{1}^{- n} A c a p T_{2}^{- n} A) > m u (A)^{3} - v a r e p s i l o n

is syndetic. Moreover, we show that if

T_{1}, T_{2}, T_{1} T_{2}^{- 1}

are totally ergodic, and we denote by

p_{n}

the

n

-th prime, the set

n i n m a t h b b N : m u (A c a p T_{1}^{- (p_{n} - 1)} A c a p T_{2}^{- (p_{n} - 1)} A) > m u (A)^{3} - v a r e p s i l o n

has positive lower density.

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