Invariant Markov semigroups on quantum homogeneous spaces

DOI10.4171/JNCG/404MaRDI QIDQ2073790zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Biswarup Das, Uwe Franz, Xumin Wang

Publication date 8 February 2022

Published in Journal of Noncommutative Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.00791

compact quantum group free/half-liberated spheres noncommutative Laplacians quantum homogeneous space quantum Markov semigroup

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37) Noncommutative probability and statistics (46L53) Quantum groups (operator algebraic aspects) (46L67) Quantum groups and related algebraic methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R50)

Abstract: Invariance properties of linear functionals and linear maps on algebras of functions on quantum homogeneous spaces are studied, in particular for the special case of expected coideal *-subalgebras. Several one-to-one correspondences between such invariant functionals are established. Adding a positivity condition, this yields one-to-one correspondences of invariant quantum Markov semigroups acting on expected coideal *-subalgebras and certain convolution semigroups of states on the underlying compact quantum group. This gives an approach to classifying invariant quantum Markov semigroups on these quantum homogeneous spaces. The generators of these semigroups are viewed as Laplace operators on these spaces. The classical sphere

S^{N - 1}

, the free sphere

S_{+}^{N - 1}

, and the half-liberated sphere

S_{*}^{N - 1}

are considered as examples and the generators of Markov semigroups on these spheres a classified. We compute spectral dimensions for the three families of spheres based on the asymptotic behaviour of the eigenvalues of their Laplace operator.

Review text

The paper under review concerns quantum invariant Markov semigroups on `expected, embeddable' quantum homogeneous spaces of compact quantum groups. Given a compact quantum group \(\mathbb{G}\), by its `expected, embeddable' quantum homogeneous spaces we understand these unital \(^*\)-subalgebras \(A\subset \operatorname{Pol}(\mathbb{G})\) which are at the same time coideals and images of conditional expectations preserving the relevant Haar state. Such subalgebras are known to be in one-to-one correspondence with \emph{idempotent states} on \(\operatorname{Pol}(\mathbb{G})\), and admit a natural \(\mathbb{G}\)-action. Classically they correspond to algebras of functions on homogeneous spaces of a compact group -- so spaces of quotient type -- but the quantum picture is known to be more complicated. Given a subalgebra \(A\) as above, the authors describe natural algebraic equivalences between various classes of invariant (or bi-invariant) functionals/maps on \(A\) and on \(\operatorname{Pol}(\mathbb{G})\), in particular, characterising \(\mathbb{G}\)-invariant quantum Markov semigroups -- so semigroups of unital completely positive maps -- on \(A\) via suitable bi-invariant `\(A\)-generating functionals' on \(\operatorname{Pol}(\mathbb{G})\). This general framework is then used to study the concrete example of free/classical/half-liberated spheres, viewed as `expected, embeddable' quantum homogeneous spaces of free/classical/half-liberated orthogonal groups. The authors show that free spheres are not of quotient type, and describe the generators of relevant quantum Markov semigroups, which should be viewed as non-commutative Laplacians.

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