Stratospheric planetary flows from the perspective of the Euler equation on a rotating sphere

DOI10.1007/S00205-022-01791-3zbMATH Open1500.76033arXiv2109.08797OpenAlexW3199458165WikidataQ113906097 ScholiaQ113906097MaRDI QIDQ2149088FDOQ2149088

A. Constantin, P. Germain

Publication date: 28 June 2022

Published in: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This article is devoted to stationary solutions of Euler's equation on a rotating sphere, and to their relevance to the dynamics of stratospheric flows in the atmosphere of the outer planets of our solar system and in polar regions of the Earth. For the Euler equation, under appropriate conditions, rigidity results are established, ensuring that the solutions are either zonal or rotated zonal solutions. A natural analogue of Arnold's stability criterion is proved. In both cases, the lowest mode Rossby-Haurwitz stationary solutions (more precisely, those whose stream functions belong to the sum of the first two eigenspaces of the Laplace-Beltrami operator) appear as limiting cases. We study the stability properties of these critical stationary solutions. Results on the local and global bifurcation of non-zonal stationary solutions from classical Rossby-Haurwitz waves are also obtained. Finally, we show that stationary solutions of the Euler equation on a rotating sphere are building blocks for travelling-wave solutions of the 3D system that describes the leading order dynamics of stratospheric planetary flows, capturing the characteristic decrease of density and increase of temperature with height in this region of the atmosphere.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.08797

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zbMATH Keywords

Laplace-Beltrami operatorglobal bifurcationlocal bifurcationRossby-Haurwitz wavegeneralized Arnold stability criterionRossby-Haurwitz stationary solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20) Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic problems in astronomy and astrophysics (85A30) Meteorology and atmospheric physics (86A10) Planetary atmospheres (85A20) Geophysical flows (76U60) Rossby waves (76U65)

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