The Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) model
According to Haldane's conjecture, there is a spin gap of the excitation spectrum in integer Heisenberg spin chains whereas half-integer spin chains have a gapless excitation spectrum. In the paper the author reviews the Affleck-Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (ALSM) theorem about gapless behavior for half-integer spin [\textit{E. H. Lieb} et al., Ann. Phys. 16, 407--466 (1961; Zbl 0129.46401); \textit{B. Affleck} and \textit{E. H. Lieb}, ``A proof of part of Haldane's conjecture on spin chains, Lett. Math. Phys. 12, 57--69 (1986; \url{doi:10.1007/BF00400304})] and present results on the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb Tasaki (AKLT) model [\textit{I. Affleck} et al., ``Rigorous results on valence-bond ground states in antiferromagnets, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, No. 7, 799--802 (1987; \url{doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.799}); ``Valence bond ground states in isotropic quantum antiferromagnets, Comm. Math. Phys. 115, No. 3, 477--528 (1988; \url{doi:10.1007/BF01218021})] where gapped behavior for integer spin was demonstrated. The combination of the ALSM theorem and the AKLT model provided powerful evidence that the Haldan conjecture was correct. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1491.46002].
- THE HALDANE GAP IN ANTIFERROMAGNETIC HEISENBERG CHAINS
- The possibility of gapless excitations in antiferromagnetic spin chains with long-range interactions
- Maximized string order parameters in the valence bond solid states of quantum integer spin chains
- The AKLT model on a hexagonal chain is gapped
- Gauge theory description of spin ladders
- A class of two-dimensional AKLT models with a gap
- A multi-dimensional Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem
- scientific article
- On renormalization and the local gap method for proving frustration-free local spin chains are gapped
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