Convergence to normal forms of integrable PDEs

DOI10.1007/S00220-019-03661-8MaRDI QIDQ2184749zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Laurent Stolovitch, Dario Bambusi

Publication date 29 May 2020

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.11375

zbMATH Keywords

commuting analytic vector fieldsKdV equationNLS equationnonlinear perturbationsPoincaré normal formToda lattice

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Perturbations in context of PDEs (35B20) Soliton equations (35Q51) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Perturbations, KAM theory for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K55) Perturbations of PDEs on manifolds; asymptotics (58J37)

Abstract: In an infinite dimensional Hilbert space we consider a family of commuting analytic vector fields vanishing at the origin and which are nonlinear perturbations of some fundamental linear vector fields. We prove that one can construct by the method of Poincar'e normal form a local analytic coordinate transformation near the origin transforming the family into a normal form. The result applies to the KdV and NLS equations and to the Toda lattice with periodic boundary conditions. One gets existence of Birkhoff coordinates in a neighbourhood of the origin. The proof is obtained by directly estimating, in an iterative way, the terms of the Poincar'e normal form and of the transformation to it, through a rapid convergence algorithm.

Review text

The authors propose an infinite-dimensional generalization of the well-known Poincaré-Dulac theorem, which states that at a singular point a non-resonant vector field can be formally reduced to its linear form. Under suitable assumptions, the authors prove two central theorems. The first theorem concerns the existence of an analytic transformation for an infinite sequence of vector fields, which reduces the system at any given order into a normal form. With the additional condition of the normal forms being completely integrable, a stronger result is proven, which states that an analytic transformation leads to a convergent series of normal forms. The proven results allow applications for Hamiltonian systems, and the authors show in particular that the analytic transformation turns out to be canonical. Moreover, some previously known results are re-obtained as a consequence of the general theorems proved by the authors. The paper contains all the technical details and explicit proofs of the stated results.

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