On the local pairing behavior of critical points and roots of random polynomials

DOI10.1214/20-EJP499MaRDI QIDQ2201472zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yanyan Li

Publication date 29 September 2020

Published in Electronic Journal of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.06781, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.ejp/1597737717

zbMATH Keywords

critical pointsrandom Jordan curvesrandom polynomialszeros

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Convergence of probability measures (60B10) Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05)

Abstract: We study the pairing between zeros and critical points of the polynomial $p_n(z)=pro{d}_{j=1}^n(z-X_j)$, whose roots $X_1,ldots,X_n$ are complex-valued random variables. Under a regularity assumption, we show that if the roots are independent and identically distributed, the Wasserstein distance between the empirical distributions of roots and critical points of $p_n$ is on the order of $1/n$, up to logarithmic corrections. The proof relies on a careful construction of disjoint random Jordan curves in the complex plane, which allow us to naturally pair roots and nearby critical points. In addition, we establish asymptotic expansions to order $1/n^2$ for the locations of the nearest critical points to several fixed roots. This allows us to describe the joint limiting fluctuations of the critical points as $n$ tends to infinity, extending a recent result of Kabluchko and Seidel. Finally, we present a local law that describes the behavior of the critical points when the roots are neither independent nor identically distributed.

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Cited in

(14)

• Distances between zeroes and critical points for random polynomials with i.i.d. zeroes
• Pairing between zeros and critical points of random polynomials with independent roots
• Roots of random functions: A framework for local universality
• Correlations and pairing between zeros and critical points of Gaussian random polynomials
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