On minimal decompositions of low rank symmetric tensors

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2020.06.029MaRDI QIDQ2226411zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Alessandro Oneto, Bernard Mourrain

Publication date 12 February 2021

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.11940

zbMATH Keywords

apolarityHilbert functionhomogeneous polynomialsideals of pointssymmetric tensorsWaring rank

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials (13F20) Polynomials, factorization in commutative rings (13P05) Projective techniques in algebraic geometry (14N05) Secant varieties, tensor rank, varieties of sums of powers (14N07)

Abstract: We use an algebraic approach to construct minimal decompositions of symmetric tensors with low rank. This is done by using Apolarity Theory and by studying minimal sets of reduced points apolar to a given symmetric tensor, namely, whose ideal is contained in the apolar ideal associated to the tensor. In particular, we focus on the structure of the Hilbert function of these ideals of points. We give a procedure which produces a minimal set of points apolar to any symmetric tensor of rank at most 5. This procedure is also implemented in the algebra software Macaulay2.

Review text

In the article under review, the authors study the ranks of symmetric tensors via their interpretation as the Waring ranks of homogeneous forms. The main result (Theorem 4.2) classifies via apolarity theory, and in terms of Hilbert sequences, the symmetric tensors with degree at least equal to three and rank at most equal to five. It describes a stratification of the set of low rank symmetric tensors with respect to the possible configurations of minimal apolar sets of points. The main results for apolarity theory are given in [\textit{A. Iarrobino} and \textit{V. Kanev}, Power sums, Gorenstein algebras, and determinantal loci. With an appendix `The Gotzmann theorems and the Hilbert scheme' by Anthony Iarrobino and Steven L. Kleiman. Berlin: Springer (1999; Zbl 0942.14026)]. In the present article, the proof of the main result is constructive and the authors describe an implementation of their algorithm in the computer algebra software Macaulay2. The proof utilizes the concept of Waring locus, which was introduced in [\textit{E. Carlini} et al., Adv. Math. 314, 630--662 (2017; Zbl 1373.14049)]. The intuition behind the Waring locus, is that it contains those linear forms that can be used to decrease the rank of a given homogeneous polynomial. The authors' stratification of low rank symmetric tensors gives an iterative procedure for constructing the minimal Waring decompositions. Finally, motivated by their results, the authors ask if it is true that, for a given form, all of its minimal apolar sets of points have the same regularity and Hilbert function?

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Cited in

(18)

• Waring rank of binary forms, harmonic cross-ratio and golden ratio
• Waring rank of symmetric tensors, and singularities of some projective hypersurfaces
• The Hitchhiker guide to: secant varieties and tensor decomposition
• Lower bounds for the norms of decomposable symmetrized tensors
• Decomposition of Low Rank Multi-symmetric Tensor
• Minimality and uniqueness for decompositions of specific ternary forms
• Sufficient conditions for Strassen's additivity conjecture
• Skew-symmetric tensor decomposition
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7689791 (Why is no real title available?)
• Decomposition Algorithms for Tensors and Polynomials
• Minimality of tensors of fixed multilinear rank
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• Weighted Ehrhart theory: extending Stanley's nonnegativity theorem
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• Efficient tensor decomposition via moment matrix extension
• Decomposing tensors into frames

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Macaulay2

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