Stability of the non-abelian X-ray transform in dimension 3

DOI10.1007/S12220-021-00679-0MaRDI QIDQ2238550zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jan Bohr

Publication date 1 November 2021

Published in The Journal of Geometric Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.07951

zbMATH Keywords

analysis of PDE'sinverse problemsmicrolocal analysisnon-abelian X-ray tomography

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Microlocal methods and methods of sheaf theory and homological algebra applied to PDEs (35A27) Integral geometry (53C65) Numerical methods for inverse problems for integral equations (65R32)

Abstract: Non-abelian $X$-ray tomography seeks to recover a matrix potential $Phi:Mightarrowmathbb{C}^{mimesm}$ in a domain $M$ from measurements of its so called scattering data $C_{P}hi$ at $partialM$. For $dimMge3$ (and under appropriate convexity and regularity conditions), injectivity of the forward map $Phimapsto{C}_{P}hi$ was established in [arXiv:1605.07894]. In this article we extend [arXiv:1605.07894] by proving a H"older-type stability estimate. As an application we generalise a statistical consistency result for $dimM=2$ [arXiv:1905.00860] to higher dimensions. The injectivity proof in [arXiv:1605.07894] relies on a novel method by Uhlmann-Vasy [arXiv:1210.2084], which first establishes injectivity in a shallow layer below $partialM$ and then globalises this by a layer stripping argument. The main technical contribution of this paper is a more quantitative version of these arguments, in particular proving uniform bounds on layer-depth and stability constants.

Review text

Non-abelian X-ray tomography seeks to recover a matrix potential \(\Phi\colon M \to \mathbb{C}^{m\times m}\), \(m\geq 1\), in a domain \(M\), from measurements of its so-called scattering data \(C_\Phi\) at \(\partial M\). It provides the mathematical basis for the imaging technology of ``polarimetric neutron tomography [\textit{N. M. Desai} et al., Inverse Probl. 36, No. 4, Article ID 045001, 17 p. (2020; Zbl 1476.44001)]. More precisely, \(M\) is a compact Riemannian manifold with strictly convex boundary, \(\Phi\) is a continuous matrix potential and \(C_\Phi(\gamma)=U(0)\in \mathrm{GL}(m,\mathbb{C})\) is the value at the boundary of the unique continuous solution \(U\) of the linear matrix differential equation \(\dot U(t)+\Phi(\gamma(t))U(t)=0\), \(U(\tau)=\mathrm{id}\), where \(\gamma\colon [0,\tau]\to M\) is a unit speed geodesic with endpoints on \(\partial M\). The inverse problem with access to partial data is to recover \(\Phi\) in an open set \(O\subset M\) from measuring \(C_\Phi(\gamma)\) for geodesics \(\gamma\) that do not leave \(O\). Even when \(M\) is a Euclidean ball, geodesics are straight lines and one has access to full data (that is, \(O=M\)), this inverse problem is non-linear, and for \(m\geq 2\) no explicit inversion formula is known. When \(\dim M \geq 3\) and \(O\subset M\) satisfies a ``foliation condition, it is known that locally, smooth potentials are determined uniquely by their scattering data [\textit{G. P. Paternain} et al., Am. J. Math. 141, No. 6, 1707--1750 (2019; Zbl 1440.53083)]. The present article extends this result by proving a Hölder-type stability estimate. The main technical contribution of the paper is a more quantitative version of the microlocal technique (local inversion of scattering operators near elliptic points) introduced by \textit{G. Uhlmann} and \textit{A. Vasy} [Invent. Math. 205, No. 1, 83--120 (2016; Zbl 1350.53098)] As an application, a statistical consistency result for \(\dim M=2\) [\textit{F. Monard} et al., Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 74, No. 5, 1045--1099 (2021; Zbl 07363259)] is generalised to higher dimensions.

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Cited in

(11)

• The x-ray transform for a non-Abelian connection in two dimensions
• Polarimetric neutron tomography of magnetic fields: uniqueness of solution and reconstruction
• Stability estimate for the broken non-abelian x-ray transform in Minkowski space
• Convergence Rates for Learning Linear Operators from Noisy Data
• The non-abelian X-ray transform on surfaces
• Stability estimates for the holonomy inverse problem
• On posterior consistency of data assimilation with Gaussian process priors: the 2D-Navier-Stokes equations
• On log-concave approximations of high-dimensional posterior measures and stability properties in non-linear inverse problems
• The non-abelian X-ray transform on asymptotically hyperbolic spaces
• The matrix weighted real-analytic double fibration transforms
• On non-abelian Radon transform

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