Abelian varieties over fields of finite characteristic

Abelian varieties of dimension (> 1) (11G10) Positive characteristic ground fields in algebraic geometry (14G17) Isogeny (14K02) Arithmetic ground fields for abelian varieties (14K15)

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to extend our old results about Galois action on the torsion points of abelian varieties to the case of (finitely generated) fields of characteristic 2.

Review text

Let \(p\) be a prime, \(K\) a finitely generated field extension of \(\mathbb{F}_p\), and \(A\) and \(B\) abelian varieties over \(K\). For a prime \(l \neq p\), let \(V_l A\) and \(V_l B\) denote the \(\mathbb{Q}_l\)-Tate modules of \(A\) and \(B\). As was observed in [\textit{L. Moret-Bailly}, Pinceaux de variétés abéliennes. Astérisque 129, 266 p. (1985; Zbl 0595.14032), XII.2.5] (which extends earlier results of [\textit{J. Tate}, Invent. Math. 2, 134--144 (1966; Zbl 0147.20303)] and [\textit{Yu. G. Zarkhin}, Math. Notes 19, 240--244 (1976); translation from Mat. Zametki 19, 393--400 (1976; Zbl 0342.14011)]), \(V_l A\) is a semisimple \(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)\)-module and \[ \mathrm{Hom}_K(A, B) \otimes_{\mathbb{Z}} \mathbb{Q}_l \rightarrow \mathrm{Hom}_{\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)}(V_l A, V_l B) \] is bijective. The present paper is concerned with proving similar results for mod \(l\) torsion \(A[l]\) and \(B[l]\). Among other things, the paper under review proves that up to isomorphism there are finitely many abelian varieties over \(K\) that are \(K\)-isogenous to \(A\) via an isogeny of degree prime to \(p\) (such finiteness fails without the degree restriction: see [\textit{A. N. Parshin}, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 36, 67--109 (1972; Zbl 0246.14007), \S3, Remark 3] or [Zbl 0595.14032, XII.2.4.1]), that \(A[l](\overline{K})\) is a semisimple \(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)\)-module for all but finitely many \(l\), and that \[ \mathrm{Hom}_K(A, B) \otimes_{\mathbb{Z}} \mathbb{Z}/l\mathbb{Z} \rightarrow \mathrm{Hom}_{\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)}(A[l](\overline{K}), B[l](\overline{K})) \] is bijective for all but finitely many \(l\). The key input to the proofs is the finiteness of the number of principally polarized abelian varieties that are \(K\)-isogenous to \(A\) via an isogeny of degree prime to \(p\); this finiteness is provided by [Zbl 0595.14032, XII.2.4]. The arguments of the present paper may be likewise combined with [\textit{G. Faltings}, ``Complements to Mordell, in: Rational points. Seminar Bonn/Wuppertal 1983/84. Braunschweig-Wiesbaden: Friedr. Vieweg \& Sohn. 203--227 (1984; Zbl 0588.14027), Theorem 2] to extend the claims above (as well as the other results of \S2 except possibly Theorem 2.12 and Corollary 2.13) to the case when \(K\) is a finitely generated field extension of \(\mathbb{Q}\); some cases of such extensions have already appeared in [\textit{Yu. G. Zarhin}, Invent. Math. 79, 309--321 (1985; Zbl 0557.14024)], [\textit{Yu. G. Zarkhin}, Duke Math. J. 54, 131--145 (1987; Zbl 0632.14035)], and [\textit{A. N. Skorobogatov} and \textit{Y. G. Zarhin}, J. Algebr. Geom. 17, No. 3, 481--502 (2008; Zbl 1157.14008)]. We conclude by mentioning two further results, which illustrate the other theorems proved in the paper. Theorem 2.12: if the image of \(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{K}/K)\) in \(\mathrm{End}_{\mathbb{Z}/l\mathbb{Z}}(A[l](\overline{K}))\) is \(l\)-solvable (e.g.,~is abelian) for infinitely many \(l\), then \(A_{\overline{K}}\) has complex multiplication. Corollary 2.17: if the prime-to-\(p\) part of the torsion subgroup of \(A(K^{\mathrm{ab}})\) is infinite, where \(K^{\mathrm{ab}}/K\) is the maximal abelian subextension of \(\overline{K}/K\), then \(A\) has a nonzero \(K\)-isogeny factor that has complex multiplication (over \(K\)).

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