Bond percolation on isoradial graphs: criticality and universality
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Publication:2249588
Abstract: In an investigation of percolation on isoradial graphs, we prove the criticality of canonical bond percolation on isoradial embeddings of planar graphs, thus extending celebrated earlier results for homogeneous and inhomogeneous square, triangular, and other lattices. This is achieved via the star-triangle transformation, by transporting the box-crossing property across the family of isoradial graphs. As a consequence, we obtain the universality of these models at the critical point, in the sense that the one-arm and 2j-alternating-arm critical exponents (and therefore also the connectivity and volume exponents) are constant across the family of such percolation processes. The isoradial graphs in question are those that satisfy certain weak conditions on their embedding and on their track system. This class of graphs includes, for example, isoradial embeddings of periodic graphs, and graphs derived from rhombic Penrose tilings.
As a by-product of investigating percolation on iso-radial graphs, one shows that these bond percolation models on planar graphs embedded in the plane, are critical, and that their critical exponents (at the critical point) are universal across the class of such models. The method herein applied works only at the critical point and, at first glance, it does not seem possible to extend it to exponents close to the critical point. The approach uses the star-triangle transformation to move between models as suggested by Baxter, and the proof of the main result is based the so-called box-crossing property which related to the probabilities of open crossings of domains in the two-dimensional space.
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