Asymptotic profile and Morse index of nodal radial solutions to the Hénon problem

DOI10.1007/S00526-019-1606-0zbMATH Open1431.35044arXiv1810.11046OpenAlexW2898116988MaRDI QIDQ2274396FDOQ2274396

Anna Lisa Amadori, Francesca Gladiali

Publication date: 19 September 2019

Published in: Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We compute the Morse index of nodal radial solutions to the H'enon problem [left{�egin{array}{ll} -Delta u = |x|^{alpha}|u|^{p-1} u qquad & ext{ in } B,

ewline u= 0 & ext{ on } partial B, end{array} ight. ] where $B$ stands for the unit ball in ${mathbbR}^N$ in dimension $Nge3$, $alpha>0$ and $p$ is near at the threshold exponent for existence of solutions $p_{alpha}=fracN+2+2alphaN-2$, obtaining that �egin{align*} m(u_p) & = m sumlimits_{j=0}^{1+left[{alpha}/{2} ight]} N_j quad & mbox{ if $alpha$ is not an even integer, or}

ewline m(u_p)& = msumlimits_{j=0}^{ alpha /2} N_j + (m-1) N_{1+alpha/ 2} & mbox{ if $alpha$ is an even number.} end{align*} Here $N_j$ denotes the multiplicity of the spherical harmonics of order $j$. The computation builds on a characterization of the Morse index by means of a one dimensional singular eigenvalue problem, and is carried out by a detailed picture of the asymptotic behavior of both the solution and the singular eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. In particular it is shown that nodal radial solutions have multiple blow-up at the origin, where each node converges (up to a suitable rescaling) to the bubble shaped solution of a limit problem. As side outcome we see that solutions are nondegenerate for $p$ near at $p_{alpha}$, and we give an existence result in perturbed balls.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.11046

zbMATH Keywords

nodal radial solutionsHénon problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Semilinear elliptic equations with Laplacian, bi-Laplacian or poly-Laplacian (35J91)

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