A geometric criterion for equation x = _i = 0ᵐ a_i(t) x^i having at most m isolated periodic solutions

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2019.11.032MaRDI QIDQ2300430zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jianfeng Huang, Haihua Liang

Publication date 27 February 2020

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.04776

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Nonautonomous smooth dynamical systems (37C60)

Abstract: This paper is devoted to the investigation of generalized Abel equation $dotx=S(x,t)=su{m}_{i=0}^m{a}_i(t)x^i$, where $a_{i}inmathrm{C}^{infty}([0,1])$. A solution $x(t)$ is called a {em periodic solution} if $x(0)=x(1)$. In order to estimate the number of isolated periodic solutions of the equation, we propose a hypothesis (H) which is only concerned with $S(x,t)$ on $m$ straight lines: There exist $m$ real numbers $lambd{a}_1<cdots<lambd{a}_m$ such that either $(-1{)}^{i}cdotS(lambd{a}_i,t)geq0$ for $i=1,cdots,m$, or $(-1{)}^{i}cdotS(lambd{a}_i,t)leq0$ for $i=1,cdots,m$. By means of Lagrange interpolation formula, we proves that the equation has at most $m$ isolated periodic solutions (counted with multiplicities) if hypothesis (H) holds, and the upper bound is sharp. Furthermore, this conclusion is also obtained under some weaker geometric hypotheses. Applying our main result for the trigonometrical generalized Abel equation with coefficients of degree one, we give a criterion to obtain the upper bound for the number of isolated periodic solutions. This criterion is "almost equivalent" to hypothesis (H) and can be much more effectively checked.

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Cited in

(9)

• Planar systems and Abel equations
• Upper bounds of limit cycles in Abel differential equations with invariant curves
• Characterization of the existence of non-trivial limit cycles for generalized Abel equations
• Centers and limit cycles for a family of Abel equations
• On the uniqueness and expression of limit cycles in planar polynomial differential system via monotone iterative technique
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• A Chebyshev criterion for at most two non-zero limit cycles in Abel equations
• Limit cycles bifurcated from a kind of piecewise smooth generalized Abel equation via the first order Melnikov analysis
• On the limit cycles of switching ordinary differential equations

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