Persistent homology of the sum metric

. Interpreting persistent homology as a module over a polynomial ring, one might expect the usual K"unneth short exact sequence to hold. We prove that it holds for

P H_{0}

and

P H_{1}

, and we illustrate with the Hamming cube

{0, 1}^{k}

that it fails for

P H_{n},,, n g e q 2

. For

n = 2

, the prediction for

P H_{2} (X i m e s Y)

from the expected K"unneth short exact sequence has a natural surjection onto

P H_{2} (X i m e s Y)

. We compute the nontrivial kernel of this surjection for the splitting of Hamming cubes

{0, 1}^{k} = {0, 1}^{k - 1} i m e s 0, 1

. For all

n g e q 0

, the interleaving distance between the prediction for

P H_{n} (X i m e s Y)

and the true persistent homology is bounded above by the minimum of the diameters of

X

and

Y

. As preliminary results of independent interest, we establish an algebraic K"unneth formula for simplicial modules over the ring

k a p p a [m a t h b b R_{+}]

of polynomials with coefficients in a field

k a p p a

and exponents in

m a t h b b R_{+} = [0, i n f t y)

, as well as a K"unneth formula for the persistent homology of

m a t h b b R_{+}

-filtered simplicial sets -- both of these K"unneth formulas hold in all homological dimensions

n g e q 0

.

Review text

The paper is interested in the study of the persistent homology \(P H_n(X \times Y )\) of the Cartesian product \(X \times Y\) equipped with the sum metric \(d_{X} + d_Y\) for two given finite metric spaces \((X, d_X )\) and \((Y, d_Y )\). The authors show especially that the usual Künneth short exact sequence holds for \(n=0\) and \(n=1\). For \(n\geq 2\), they illustrate that it fails thanks to some Hamming cubes. On the other hand, they bound from above the interleaving distance between the prediction for \(P H_n(X \times Y )\) and the true persistent homology by the minimum of the diameters of \(X\) and \(Y\). With this they establish a new kind of Künneth formulas that hold in all homological dimensions \(n \geq 0\).

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