Regularity over homomorphisms and a Frobenius characterization of Koszul algebras

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2014.12.047MaRDI QIDQ2341304zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 24 April 2015

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1303.5160

Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity Frobenius endomorphism homological dimensions Koszul algebras

Syzygies, resolutions, complexes and commutative rings (13D02) Homological dimension and commutative rings (13D05) Derived categories and commutative rings (13D09)

Abstract: Let

R

be a standard graded algebra over an

F

-finite field of characteristic

p > 0

. Let

p h i : R o R

be the Frobenius endomorphism. For each finitely generated graded

R

-module

M

, let

^{p h i}! M

be the abelian group

M

with the

R

-module structure induced by the Frobenius endomorphism. The

R

-module

^{p h i}! M

has a natural grading given by

e x t d e g x = j

if

x i n M_{j p + i}

for some

0 l e i l e p - 1

. In this paper, we prove that

R

is Koszul if and only if there exists a non-zero finitely generated graded

R

-module

M

such that

e x t {r e g}_{R},^{p h i}! M < i n f t y

. This result supplies another instance for the ability of the Frobenius in detecting homological properties, as exemplified by Kunz's famous regularity criterion. The main technical tool is the notion of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity over certain homomorphisms between

m a t h b b N

-graded algebras. The latter notion is a common generalization of the relative and absolute Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of modules.

Review text

Let \(R\) be a commutative standard graded algebra over a field \(k\). In [\textit{L. L. Avramov} and \textit{D. Eisenbud}, J. Algebra 153, No. 1, 85--90 (1992; Zbl 0770.13006)] it was shown that if \(R\) is Koszul -- meaning that \(k\) has a linear free resolution -- then every finitely generated graded \(R\)-module has finite (Castelnuovo-Mumford) regularity. In [\textit{L. L. Avramov} and \textit{I. Peeva}, Am. J. Math. 123, No. 2, 275--281 (2001; Zbl 1053.13500)] a strong converse was proved, namely that if \(k\) has finite regularity, then \(R\) is Koszul. In this sense, \(k\) is a ``test module for the Koszulness of \(R\). A main result in the paper under review -- which is inspired by similar results in local algebra due to Kunz and Rodicio -- shows how the Frobenius endomorphism yields other such test modules for the Koszul property. More precisely, assume that \(k\) has characteristic \(p>0\) and let \(\phi : R \to R\) be the Frobenius endomorphism. Given a power of the Frobenius endomorphism \(\phi^e : R \to R\), any graded \(R\)-module can be given a new graded \(R\)-module structure through \(\phi^e\); this new module is denoted \({}^{\phi^e}\!M\). It is proved that if \(k\) is \(F\)-finite and \(M\) is any non-zero finitely generated graded \(R\)-module for which there exists \(e>0\) such that \({}^{\phi^e}\!M\) has finite regularity, in symbols: \(\text{reg}_{R}({}^{\phi^e}\!M)<\infty\), then \(R\) is Koszul. In fact, a much more general result about arbitrary endomorphisms \(\psi : R \to R\) is established; it asserts that if \(\psi\) has order \(\geq 2\) and \(M\) is any non-zero finitely generated graded \(R\)-module such that \(\text{reg}_{\psi}(M)<\infty\), then \(R\) is Koszul. Here \(\text{reg}_{\psi}(M)\) is the regularity of \(M\) over \(\psi\), which is a new invariant developed in the paper.

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