Convergence rate of eigenvector empirical spectral distribution of large Wigner matrices

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Publication:2423201



Abstract: In this paper, we adopt the eigenvector empirical spectral distribution (VESD) to investigate the limiting behavior of eigenvectors of a large dimensional Wigner matrix W_n. In particular, we derive the optimal bound for the rate of convergence of the expected VESD of W_n to the semicircle law, which is of order O(n^{-1/2}) under the assumption of having finite 10th moment. We further show that the convergence rates in probability and almost surely of the VESD are O(n^{-1/4}) and O(n^{-1/6}), respectively, under finite 8th moment condition. Numerical studies demonstrate that the convergence rate does not depend on the choice of unit vector involved in the VESD function, and the best possible bound for the rate of convergence of the VESD is of order O(n^{-1/2}).


Let $\mathbf{W}_n=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\left(X_{i,j}\right)_{i,j=1}^n$ be an $n\times n$ Hermitian random matrix whose diagonal entries are (suitably normalized) IID real-valued random variables, and whose entries above the diagonal are (suitably normalized) IID complex-valued random variables satisfying some boundedness condition on their moments; the main results of the paper assume either bounded eighth or tenth moments. Write the spectral decomposition of $\mathbf{W}_n$ as $\mathbf{W}_n=\mathbf{U}_n\mathbf{\Lambda}_n\mathbf{U}_n^*$, where $\mathbf{\Lambda}_n=\text{diag}(\lambda_1,\ldots,\lambda_n)$ is a diagonal matrix containing the eigenvalues of $\mathbf{W}_n$ arranged in decreasing order. For an arbitrary unit vector $\mathbf{x}_n$, let $\mathbf{y}_n=(y_1,\ldots,y_n)^\prime=\mathbf{U}_n^*\mathbf{x}_n$. Then, the eigenvector empirical spectral distribution of $\mathbf{W}_n$ is defined by \[ H^{\mathbf{W}_n}(x)=\sum_{i=1}^n|y_i|^2I(\lambda_i\leq x). \] The main results of the paper give explicit rates of convergence of $H^{\mathbf{W}_n}$ to the semicircular law. The authors show that the expected eigenvector empirical spectral distribution converges to the semicircular law with rate of convergence $O(n^{-1/2})$. They also show that convergence rates of the eigenvector empirical spectral distribution to the semicircular law in probability and almost surely are $O(n^{-1/4})$ and $O(n^{-1/6})$, respectively. A simulation study is also used to investigate these convergence results.



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