Stratified manifold of quantum states, actions of the complex special linear group

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2018.11.015MaRDI QIDQ2424082zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Dariusz Chruściński, Florio M. Ciaglia, A. Ibort, Giuseppe Marmo, F. Ventriglia

Publication date 24 June 2019

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.07406

zbMATH Keywords

entanglementgeneral linear groupquantum information theoryquantum stateKähler geometry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Quantum information, communication, networks (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P45) Quantum state spaces, operational and probabilistic concepts (81P16) Differential geometric methods, including holonomy, Berry and Hannay phases, Aharonov-Bohm effect, etc. in quantum theory (81Q70)

Abstract: We review the geometry of the space of quantum states $mathscrS(mathcalH)$ of a finite-level quantum system with Hilbert space $mathcalH$ from a group-theoretical point of view. This space carries two stratifications generated by the action of two different Lie groups: the special unitary group $mathcalSU(mathcalH)$ and its complexification $mathcalSL(mathcalH)$, the complex special linear group. A stratum of the stratification generated by $mathcalSU(mathcalH)$ is composed of isospectral states, that is, density operators with the same spectrum, A stratum of the stratification generated by $mathcalSL(mathcalH)$ is composed of quantum states with the same rank. We prove that on every submanifold of isospectral quantum states there is also a canonical left action of $mathcalSL(mathcalH)$ which is related with the canonical K"{a}hler structure on isospectral quantum states. The fundamental vector fields of this $mathcalSL(mathcalH)$-action are divided into Hamiltonian and gradient vector fields. The former give rise to invertible maps on $mathscrS(mathcalH)$ that preserve the von Neumann entropy and the convex structure of $mathscrS(mathcalH)$, while the latter give rise to invertible maps on $mathscrS(mathcalH)$ that preserve the von Neumann entropy but not the convex structure of $mathscrS(mathcalH)$. A similar decomposition is given for the $mathcalSL(mathcalH)$-action generating the stratification of $mathscrS(mathcalH)$ into manifolds of quantum states with the same rank, where gradient vector fields preserve the rank but do not preserve entropy. Some comments on multipartite quantum systems are made. It is proved that the sets of product states of a multipartite quantum system are homogeneous manifolds for the action of the complex special linear group associated with the partition.

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• Information geometry, Jordan algebras, and a coadjoint orbit-like construction
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