The similarity problem for indefinite Sturm-Liouville operators and the HELP inequality

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2013.05.025MaRDI QIDQ2437505zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Aleksey Kostenko

Publication date 3 March 2014

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.2586

zbMATH Keywords

Fokker-Planck equationregularly varying functionsindefinite Sturm-Liouville problemHELP inequalitythe similarity problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators (26D10) Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Weyl theory and its generalizations for ordinary differential equations (34B20) Sturm-Liouville theory (34B24) Eigenfunctions, eigenfunction expansions, completeness of eigenfunctions of ordinary differential operators (34L10) Eigenvalue problems for linear operators (47A75)

Abstract: We study two problems. The first one is the similarity problem for the indefinite Sturm-Liouville operator [ A=-(sgn, x)frac{d}{wdx}frac{d}{rdx} ] acting in $L_w^2(-b,b)$. It is assumed that $w,rin{L}_{loc}^1(-b,b)$ are even and positive a.e. on $(-b,b)$. The second object is the so-called HELP inequality [(int_{0}^bfrac{1}{ ilde{r}}|f'|, dx)^2 le K^2 int_{0}^b|f|^2 ilde{w},dxint_{0}^bBig|frac{1}{ ilde{w}}�ig(frac{1}{ ilde{r}}f'�ig)'Big|^2 ilde{w}, dx, ] where the coefficients $ildew,ilderin{L}_{loc}^1[0,b)$ are positive a.e. on $(0,b)$. Both problems are well understood when the corresponding Sturm-Liouville differential expression is regular. The main objective of the present paper is to give criteria for both the validity of the HELP inequality and the similarity to a self-adjoint operator in the singular case. Namely, we establish new criteria formulated in terms of the behavior of the corresponding Weyl-Titchmarsh $m$-functions at 0 and at $infty$. As a biproduct of this result we show that both problems are closely connected. Namely, the operator $A$ is similar to a self-adjoint one precisely if the HELP inequality with $ildew=r$ and $ilder=w$ is valid. Next we characterize the behavior of $m$-functions in terms of coefficients and then these results enable us to reformulate the obtained criteria in terms of coefficients. Finally, we apply these results for the study of the two-way diffusion equation, also known as the time-independent Fokker-Plank equation.

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Cited in

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• On location of spectra of unbounded operators in the right half-plane
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• The inverse spectral problem for indefinite strings
• SIMILARITY OF OPERATORS ON TENSOR PRODUCTS OF SPACES AND MATRIX DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS
• The Riesz basis property of an indefinite Sturm-Liouville problem with non-separated boundary conditions
• A bound for similarity condition numbers of unbounded operators with Hilbert-Schmidt Hermitian components
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• The critical point infinity associated with indefinite Sturm-Liouville problems
• On a class of integral systems
• Indefinite Sturm-Liouville operators in polar form

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