Holomorphic generating functions for invariants counting coherent sheaves on Calabi-Yau 3-folds

DOI10.2140/GT.2007.11.667MaRDI QIDQ2464809zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Dominic Joyce

Publication date 17 December 2007

Published in Geometry \& Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0607039

zbMATH Keywords

counting invariants derived category stability conditions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles (14D20) Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J32)

Abstract: Let X be a Calabi-Yau 3-fold, T=D^b(coh(X)) the derived category of coherent sheaves on X, and Stab(T) the complex manifold of Bridgeland stability conditions Z on T. It is conjectured that one can define rational numbers J^a(Z) for Z in Stab(T) and a in the numerical Grothendieck group K(T) generalizing Donaldson-Thomas invariants, which `count' Z-semistable (complexes of) coherent sheaves on X in class a, and whose transformation law under change of Z is known. This paper explains how to combine such invariants J^a(Z), if they exist, into a family of holomorphic generating functions F^a:Stab(T) --> C. Surprisingly, requiring the F^a to be continuous and holomorphic determines them essentially uniquely, and implies they satisfy a p.d.e., which can be interpreted as the flatness of a connection over Stab(T) with values in an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra L. The author believes that underlying this mathematics there should be some new physics, in String Theory and Mirror Symmetry. String Theorists are invited to work out and explain this new physics.

Review text

Let \({\text{Stab}} ({\mathcal T})\) be the variety of stability conditions (in the sense of Bridgeland) on some triangulated category \(\mathcal T\). For a stability condition \((Z: K({\mathcal T})\to {\mathbb C}, {\mathcal P})\) and \(\alpha \in K({\mathcal T})-\{ 0\}\) let \(J^{\alpha} (Z, {\mathcal P})\in {\mathbb Q}\) be the invariant counting \((Z, {\mathcal P})\)-semistable objects of class \(\alpha\) (it should be thought of as an extension of Donaldson--Thomas invariant). It is known how these invariants transform under change of stability conditions (analogue of wall-crossing formulas). The paper under review studies the problem of combining \(J^{\alpha} (Z, {\mathcal P})\) into generating functions \(F^{\alpha}: {\text{Stab}} ({\mathcal T}) \to {\mathbb C}\) that are continuous holomorphic functions of \((Z, {\mathcal P})\). The functions \(F^{\alpha}\) are shown to satisfy a partial differential equation (analogous to the WDVV equation from the Gromov--Witten theory), which can be interpreted in terms of flat connections. This paper is a follow-up to the author's series of papers [see Adv. Math. 217, 125--204 (2008; Zbl 1134.14008) for the last paper in the series] on invariants counting semistable objects in abelian categories and as such most of the results work only in a very special setting (e.g., for abelian categories of quiver representations). The extension to a general framework of triangulated categories such as the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on a Calabi--Yau threefold is still conjectural.

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