Configurations in abelian categories. IV: Invariants and changing stability conditions

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2007.06.011MaRDI QIDQ2461785zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 21 November 2007

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0410268, https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8aa10a0-d081-4bf9-9c8b-7bcf6d407e9d

zbMATH Keywords

abelian category configuration constructible function moduli space stability condition

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Generalizations (algebraic spaces, stacks) (14A20) Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles (14D20) Abelian categories, Grothendieck categories (18E10)

Abstract: This is the fourth in a series of papers math.AG/0312190, math.AG/0503029, math.AG/0410267 on configurations in an abelian category A. Given a finite partially ordered set (I,<), an (I,<)-configuration is a finite collection of objects and morphisms in A satisfying some axioms. Configurations describe how an object X in A decomposes into subobjects. The first paper math.AG/0312190 defined configurations and studied moduli spaces Obj_A, M(I,<)_A of objects and (I,<)-configurations in A, using the theory of Artin stacks. The second math.AG/0503029 considered algebras of constructible functions and "stack functions" on Obj_A, using the theories developed in math.AG/0403305, math.AG/0509722. The third math.AG/0410267 introduced stability conditions (t,T,<) on A, and showed the moduli space Obj_{ss}^a(t) of t-semistable objects in class a in A is a constructible set in Obj_A, so its characteristic function d_{ss}^a(t) is constructible. It proved many identities on constructible and stack functions such as d_{ss}^a(t). This paper first studies how Obj_{ss}^a(t) changes as we vary the stability condition (t,T,<) to (t',T',<), by writing d_{ss}^a(t') as a sum of products of d_{ss}^b(t). Then we discuss invariants I_{ss}^a(t) or I_{ss}(I,<,k,t) 'counting' t-semistable objects and configurations in A, satisfying identities and transformation laws from (t,T,<) to (t',T',<). We compute the invariants when A is a category mod-KQ of representations of a quiver Q or coh(P) of coherent sheaves on a smooth projective curve P. We find special properties of the invariants when A=coh(P) for P a surface with K_P^{-1} nef, or P a Calabi-Yau 3-fold.

Review text

This is the final paper in a series of four papers on configurations in abelian categories by \textit{D. Joyce} [Adv. Math. 203, 194--255 (2006; Zbl 1102.14009), Adv. Math. 210, 635--706 (2007; Zbl 1119.14005), Adv. Math. 215, 153--219 (2007; Zbl 1134.14007)]. In this paper the author studies the variation of the moduli spaces \(Obj_{ss}^{\alpha}(\tau)\) with change in the (weak) stability condition from \((\tau, T,\leq)\) to \((\tilde{\tau}, \tilde{T},\leq)\). This variation is expressed by an identity in \(CF(Obj_{\mathcal A})\) (the algebra of constructible functions on \(Obj_{\mathcal A}\)) giving \(\delta^{\alpha}_{ss}(\tilde{\tau})\) in terms of \(\delta^{\beta_i}_{ss}(\tau)\) where, for \(X\in A\) with class \(\alpha\), the \(\beta_i\) are the classes of the \(\tau\)-semistable successive quotients in the Harder-Narasimhan filtration of \(X\). It is deduced that the algebras \(H^{pa}_{\tau}, \cdots, \overline{H}^{to}_{\tau}\) are indepedent of \((\tau,T,\leq)\). In the second part of the paper the author studies systems of invariants of \({\mathcal A}\) and \((\tau,T,\leq)\), with values in \({\mathbb Q}\)-algebras, which count semistable objects and configurations in \({\mathcal A}\). The transformation laws for these invariants under the change of stability conditions are obtained. Some additive and multiplicative identities among the invariants are established under certain conditions on the Ext groups of objects of \({\mathcal A}\). In the special cases when \({\mathcal A}= \mathrm{mod}-{\mathbb K}{\mathbb Q}\), the category of representations of quivers, or \({\mathcal A}=\mathrm{coh} P\), the category of coherent sheaves on a smooth curve \(P\), these invariants are computed explicitly recovering the results of Reineke and Harder-Narasimhan, Atiyah-Bott. For \(P\) a smooth surface with \(K_P^{-1}\) nef or a Calabi-Yau \(3\)-fold, invariants with special multiplicative transformation laws are found. For surfaces \(P\) with \(c_1(P)=0\), such as a \(K3\)-surfaces, invariants are found which are independent of the choice of Gieseker stability condition \((\tau, T,\leq)\). Connection of these invariants with Donaldson invariants of surfaces and Donaldson-Thomas invariants of Calabi-Yau 3-folds is investigated.

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