Hilbert modular foliations on the projective plane
cotangent bundleHilbert modular foliationsholomorphic foliationspolynomial vector fieldsquadratic field
Automorphic forms on (mbox{GL}(2)); Hilbert and Hilbert-Siegel modular groups and their modular and automorphic forms; Hilbert modular surfaces (11F41) Modular and Shimura varieties (14G35) Singularities of holomorphic vector fields and foliations (32S65) Dynamical aspects of holomorphic foliations and vector fields (37F75)
It is known that the topology of one-dimensional (singular) holomorphic foliations by analytic curves is quite complicated in general. For example, all the phase curves of a generic complex polynomial vector field are dense. There is an old open conjecture (going back to D. V. Anosov) saying that generically all but a countable number of leaves are simply connected (see the paper [\textit{Y. Ilyashenko}, Selected topics in differential equations with real and complex time. Normal forms, bifurcations and finiteness problems in differential equations, 317--354, NATO Sci. Ser. II Math. Phys. Chem., 137, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, (2004)] and its bibliography). The paper under review studies an important class of holomorphic foliations on \({\mathbb{C}P^2}\) with isolated singularities that are called \textit{Hilbert modular foliations}, see e.g., [\textit{M. Brunella}, Birational geometry of foliations. (English) Publicaçoes Matemáticas do IMPA. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA). iv, 138 p. (2004; Zbl 1082.32022)]. Their characterization in terms of the Kodaira dimension and nefness of the cotangent bundle was recently obtained in [\textit{M. Brunella}, Invent. Math. 152, No.~1, 119--148 (2003; Zbl 1029.32014)]. Hilbert modular foliations are constructed in a purely geometric way as follows. Take an appropriate discrete subgroup of \(\Gamma\subset PSL_2(\mathbb R)\times PSL_2(\mathbb R)\) of an ``arithmetic origin. It acts on \(\mathbb H^2=\mathbb H\times\mathbb H\). Take the (compactified) quotient and its minimal desingularization. The latter is a nonsingular surface called \textit{a modular surface}. It carries a holomorphic singular foliation that is a ``compactification of the quotient of the horizontal (or vertical) foliation of \(\mathbb H^2\) by Lobatchevsky (Poincaré) planes. Any holomorphic foliation on \({\mathbb{C}P^2}\) with isolated singularities is defined by a polynomial vector field in each affine chart. It appears that some examples of modular surfaces are birationally equivalent to the complex projective plane (see [\textit{F. Hirzebruch}, Russ. Math. Surv. 31 (5), 96--110 (1976; Zbl 0356.14010)], [\textit{F. Hirzebruch}, Modular Funct. of one Var. VI, Proc. int. Conf., Bonn 1976, Lect. Notes Math. 627, 287--323 (1977; Zbl 0369.10017)]). Thus, they are obtained by blowing-ups of appropriate polynomial vector fields. Four of these foliations are studied in the paper under review (Theorems 2 and 4). The authors obtain explicit formulas for the corresponding vector fields. To obtain the formulas, the authors show that there is a configuration of complex lines passing through the singularities so that each line contains ``many singularities. Comparison of their number on each line with the degree of the foliation implies invariance of each line. This together with some computer algebra yields the formulas for the corresponding vector fields. Theorem 1 concerns general properties of \textit{reduced} modular foliations, i.e. obtained after reducing the singularities in Seidenberg's sense, see the previously cited lecture notes by M. Brunella. It says that the algebraic invariant curves are rational, all the nonalgebraic leaves are dense, all but a finite number of them are conformally equivalent to the unit disc, the foliation is transversally projective outside the divisor supported on the invariant algebraic curves and the cotangent bundle of the foliation is a unique bundle in its Picard class that is a cotangent bundle of some holomorphic foliation.
- On elliptic modular foliations
- The Noether-Fano inequalities for codimension one singular holomorphic foliations
- Curves in Hilbert modular varieties
- Quadratic planar differential systems with algebraic limit cycles via quadratic plane Cremona maps
- Hypersurfaces quasi-invariant by codimension one foliations
- Convex foliations of degree 5 on the complex projective plane
- Foliations on modular curves
- On the structure of codimension 1 foliations with pseudoeffective conormal bundle
- Birational geometry of foliations associated to simple derivations
- Foliations of Hilbert modular surfaces
- Uniformization of the space of leaves of certain codimension one foliations
- An example of a modular foliation deducted from an algebraic solution of Painlevé VI equation
- Representations of quasi-projective groups, flat connections and transversely projective foliations
- On elliptic modular foliations. II
- Algebraic curves and foliations
- Foliations invariant by rational maps
- Codimension one holomorphic foliations
- Examples of harmonic foliated currents and singular Levi-flats on the projective plane
- Birational geometry of special quotient foliations and Chazy's equations
- Effective integrability of Lins Neto's family of foliations
- An algebraic algorithm for the resolution of singularities of foliations
- Completely reducible hypersurfaces in a pencil
This page was built for publication: Hilbert modular foliations on the projective plane
Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2483781)
