Phase ordering after a deep quench: the stochastic Ising and hard core gas models on a tree

DOI10.1007/S00440-005-0475-YMaRDI QIDQ2502249zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 12 September 2006

Published in Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0412450

Gibbs measure Glauber dynamics Ising model Monte Carlo Markov chain

Statistical mechanics of gases (82D05) Statistical mechanics of random media, disordered materials (including liquid crystals and spin glasses) (82D30)

Abstract: Consider a low temperature stochastic Ising model in the phase coexistence regime with Markov semigroup

P_{t}

. A fundamental and still largely open problem is the understanding of the long time behavior of

d_{h} P_{t}

when the initial configuration

h

is sampled from a highly disordered state

u

(e.g. a product Bernoulli measure or a high temperature Gibbs measure). Exploiting recent progresses in the analysis of the mixing time of Monte Carlo Markov chains for discrete spin models on a regular

b

-ary tree

T r e e^{b}

, we tackle the above problem for the Ising and hard core gas (independent sets) models on

T r e e^{b}

. If

u

is a biased product Bernoulli law then, under various assumptions on the bias and on the thermodynamic parameters, we prove

u

-almost sure weak convergence of

d_{h} P_{t}

to an extremal Gibbs measure (pure phase) and show that the limit is approached at least as fast as a stretched exponential of the time

t

. In the context of randomized algorithms and if one considers the Glauber dynamics on a large, finite tree, our results prove fast local relaxation to equilibrium on time scales much smaller than the true mixing time, provided that the starting point of the chain is not taken as the worst one but it is rather sampled from a suitable distribution.

Review text

In words, the concern of this paper could be described as follows. One considers a continuous time stochastic Ising model (Glauber dynamics) defined on a countable infinite graph of bounded degree, with given initial conditions and infinitesimal generator. Two questions are of importance. Loosely speaking: firstly, under which conditions the Ising plus phase is the unique limit point of the Glauber dynamics state as time increases? And secondly, when it is the case, which is the convergence speed? The paper gives some results on these two questions. In the form of its main theorem. The paper on the whole is related to the proof of this theorem. In the order: preliminaries to the proof, statement of some claims which lead to the proof, and proof of these claims. The paper concludes with some open problems.

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