Small almost free modules with prescribed topological endomorphism rings.

Publication date 20 October 2005

Published in Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/108600

\(\aleph_1\)-free Abelian groups direct sums endomorphisms modules over commutative rings pathological Abelian groups realization of topological rings as endomorphism rings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Continuum hypothesis and Martin's axiom (03E50) Projective and free modules and ideals in commutative rings (13C10) Endomorphism rings; matrix rings (16S50) Topological and ordered rings and modules (16W80) Torsion-free groups, infinite rank (20K20) Direct sums, direct products, etc. for abelian groups (20K25) Automorphisms, homomorphisms, endomorphisms, etc. for abelian groups (20K30)

Review text

Summary: We will realize certain topological rings as endomorphism rings of \(\aleph_1\)-free Abelian groups of cardinality \(\aleph_1\) where the isomorphism is also a homeomorphism relating the topology on the given ring to the finite topology on the endomorphism ring. This way we also find \(\aleph_1\)-free Abelian groups of cardinality \(\aleph_1\) such that any non-trivial summand is a proper direct sum of an infinite number of summands. This answers a problem raised by the authors [in Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 50, 447-479 (1985; Zbl 0562.20030), p. 447, (1)], (saying that \(\aleph_1\in\text{vat}(R)\) in the cotorsion-free case). The fact that the size of the continuum could and in particular universes of set theory will be much larger then \(\aleph_1\) causes difficulties in constructing pathological Abelian groups \(G\) of size \(\aleph_1\) in ``ordinary set theory using just ZFC: There are less possibilities to prevent potential, unwanted endomorphisms of \(G\) not to become members of \(\text{End\,}G\). Thus additional combinatorial arguments are needed. They come from [\textit{R. Göbel, S. Shelah}, Can. J. Math. 50, No. 4, 719-738 (1998; Zbl 0959.20049)], were improved for this paper, and are now ready for applications for other algebraic aspects. The results are formulated for modules over a large class of commutative rings.

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