Nonvanishing theorems for L-functions of modular forms and their derivatives
Let f be a cuspidal normalized newform of even weight k on \(\Gamma_ 0(M)\), let D be a fundamental discriminant with associated quadratic character \(\chi_ D\) and suppose that \((D,M)=1\). Let \(L(s,f,\chi_ D)\) be the L-series of f twisted with \(\chi_ D\) and put (INVALID INPUT)\(\Lambda\) (s,f,\(\chi\) \({}_ D):=(D^ 2M)^{s/2}(2\pi)^{- s}\Gamma (s)L(s,f,\chi_ D).\) One knows that \(\Lambda (s,f,\chi_ D)\) has a holomorphic continuation to \({\mathbb{C}}\) and is \(\epsilon \chi_ D(-M)\)-invariant under \(s\mapsto k- s\) where \(\epsilon =\pm 1\) is the sign in the functional equation of \(L(s,f)=L(s,f,\chi_ 1)\). Suppose that every prime dividing M splits in \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{D})\). Then the sign in the functional equation of \(L(s,f,\chi_ D)\) is equal to \(\epsilon \chi_ D(-1).\) The main result of the paper states that if S is a finite set of primes including those dividing M, then there exists a quadratic field \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{D})\) of discriminant D such that \(\epsilon \chi_ D(- 1)<0\), every prime in S splits in \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{D})\) and \(L(s,f,\chi_ D)\) has a simple zero at \(s=k/2\). A similar result was proved by \textit{M. R. Murty} and \textit{V. K. Murty} [Mean values of derivatives of modular L- series Ann. Math., II. Ser. 133, No.3, 447-475 (1991)] by a different method. Combined with the work of \textit{V. A. Kolyvagin} [Math. USSR, Izv. 33, 473-499 (1989); translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Ser. Mat. 52, 1154-1180 (1988; Zbl 0681.14016)] and \textit{B. Gross} and \textit{D. Zagier} [Invent. Math. 84, 225-320 (1986; Zbl 0608.14019)] the above result implies that if E/\({\mathbb{Q}}\) is a modular elliptic curve with L(E,1)\(\neq 0\), then the Mordell-Weil group and the Tate-Shafarevich group of E/\({\mathbb{Q}}\) are finite. To prove their result the authors investigate the Fourier-Jacobi expansions of certain Jacobi-Eisenstein series on the Jacobi group \(GSp_ 4({\mathbb{R}})\ltimes {\mathbb{H}}({\mathbb{R}})\) (where \({\mathbb{H}}({\mathbb{R}})\) is a Heisenberg group) attached to f and show that they involve certain Eisenstein series of half-integral weight attached to f. Then they apply a certain integral transform which was first introduced by Novodvorsky in a different context, to these Eisenstein series, obtain a Dirichlet series in a new variable u whose D-th coefficient is \(L(s,f,\chi_ D)\) and study its poles in u.
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