On the Buchdahl inequality for spherically symmetric static shells

DOI10.1007/S00220-007-0283-6zbMATH Open1121.83007OpenAlexW3103200576MaRDI QIDQ2642298FDOQ2642298

Authors: H. Andréasson 

Publication date: 20 August 2007

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A classical result by Buchdahl cite{Bu1} shows that for static solutions of the spherically symmetric Einstein-matter system, the total ADM mass M and the area radius R of the boundary of the body, obey the inequality $2M/Rleq8/9.$ The proof of this inequality rests on the hypotheses that the energy density is non-increasing outwards and that the pressure is isotropic. In this work neither of Buchdahl's hypotheses are assumed. We consider non-isotropic spherically symmetric shells, supported in $[R_0,R_1],R_0>0,$ of matter models for which the energy density $hogeq0,$ and the radial- and tangential pressures $pgeq0$ and $q,$ satisfy $p+qleqOmegaho,Omegageq1.$ We show a Buchdahl type inequality for shells which are thin; given an $epsilon<1/4$ there is a $kappa>0$ such that $2M/R_{1}leq1-kappa$ when $R_1/R_{0}leq1+epsilon.$ It is also shown that for a sequence of solutions such that $R_1/R_{0}o1,$ the limit supremum of $2M/R_1$ of the sequence is bounded by $((2Omega+1{)}^2-1)/(2Omega+1{)}^2.$ In particular if $Omega=1,$ which is the case for Vlasov matter, the boumd is $8/9.$ The latter result is motivated by numerical simulations cite{AR2} which indicate that for non-isotropic shells of Vlasov matter $2M/R_{1}leq8/9,$ and moreover, that the value 8/9 is approached for shells with $R_1/R_{0}o1$. In cite{An2} a sequence of shells of Vlasov matter is constructed with the properties that $R_1/R_{0}o1,$ and that $2M/R_1$ equals 8/9 in the limit. We emphasize that in the present paper no field equations for the matter are used, whereas in cite{An2} the Vlasov equation is important.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0605097

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Macroscopic interaction of the gravitational field with matter (hydrodynamics, etc.) (83C55)

Cites Work

• General Relativistic Fluid Spheres
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• On static shells and the Buchdahl inequality for the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system
• On the steady states of the spherically symmetric Einstein–Vlasov system
• Static shells for the Vlasov-Poisson and Vlasov-Einstein systems
• Compact support of spherically symmetric equilibria in non-relativistic and relativistic galactic dynamics
• A numerical investigation of the stability of steady states and critical phenomena for the spherically symmetric Einstein–Vlasov system
• Massive spheres in general relativity

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• Existence of static solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov-Maxwell system and the thin shell limit
• Bounds on M / R for static objects with a positive cosmological constant
• The Einstein-Vlasov system/kinetic theory
• Bounds on the interior geometry and pressure profile of static fluid spheres
• Existence of steady states of the massless Einstein-Vlasov system surrounding a Schwarzschild black hole
• Buchdahl type inequalities in \(d\) dimensions
• Sharp bounds on 2 m / r for static spherical objects
• Existence of a minimizer to the particle number-Casimir functional for the Einstein-Vlasov system
• Sharp bounds on the critical stability radius for relativistic charged spheres
• Models for self-gravitating photon shells and geons
• Sharp bounds on \(2m/r\) of general spherically symmetric static objects

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