Developable cubics in P^4 and the Lefschetz locus in GOR(1, 5, 5, 1)

DOI10.1016/J.JALGEBRA.2020.12.029MaRDI QIDQ2659112zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Thiago Fassarella, Viviana Ferrer, Rodrigo Gondim

Publication date 25 March 2021

Published in Journal of Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08995

zbMATH Keywords

Artinian Gorenstein algebradevelopable cubicsLefschetz property

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Intersection theory, characteristic classes, intersection multiplicities in algebraic geometry (14C17) Rational and birational maps (14E05) Homological conditions on associative rings (generalizations of regular, Gorenstein, Cohen-Macaulay rings, etc.) (16E65)

Abstract: We provide a classification of developable cubic hypersurfaces in $mathbb{P}^4$. Using the correspondence between forms of degree $3$ on $mathbb{P}^4$ and Artinian Gorenstein $mathbbK$-algebras, given by Macaulay-Matlis duality, we describe the locus in $mGOR(1,5,5,1)$ corresponding to those algebras which satisfy the Strong Lefschetz property.

Review text

The correspondence between hypersurfaces of degre \(d\) in \(\mathbb P^{N}_K\), not cones, and graded Artinian Gorenstein \(K\)-algebras of socle degree \(d\) and codimension \(N+1\), given by Macaulay-Matlis duality, has been studied extensively in recent years. In the article under review, the case of cubic hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb P^4\) is considered. A cubic form \(f\) in \(5\) variables corresponds to an Artinian Gorenstein algebra \(A_f\) with Hilbert vector \((1,5,5,1)\). The authors are interested in characterizing the algebras \(A_f\) failing the Strong Lefschetz Property, SLP for short. From the results in [\textit{T. Maeno} and \textit{J. Watanabe}, Ill. J. Math. 53, No. 2, 591--603 (2009; Zbl 1200.13031)], it follows that the algebra \(A_f\) fails the SLP if and only if hess\(_f\), the Hessian of \(f\), vanishes. Moreover, the hypersurfaces with vanishing Hessian are developable, i.e. have degenerate Gauss map.\par The main result of the paper (Theorem 1.1) is that an irreducible cubic hypersurface in \(\mathbb P^4\), not cone, is developable if and only if it is projectively equivalent to a linear section of the secant variety of the Veronese surface in \(\mathbb P^5\). These sections are classified up to projective equivalence; there are three classes, two of them corresponding to cubics with non-vanishing Hessian. The cubics in the third class are projectively equivalent to the dual variety of the scroll \(S(1,2)\).\par The authors then describe the parameter space \(GOR(1,5,5,1)\) of Artinian Gorenstein algebras with Hilbert vector \((1,5,5,1)\) as an open subset in \(\mathbb P^{34}\), and inside this space the locus corresponding to cubics with vanishing Hessian. It is a variety of dimension \(18\), whose degree is computed with the help of Macaulay2. It is interesting to remark that the distinction between algebras that satisfy or fail the SLP is given by the Jordan type.

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Cited in

(3)

• On higher Hessians and the Lefschetz properties
• Perazzo 3-folds and the weak Lefschetz property
• A theorem of Gordan and Noether via Gorenstein rings

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Macaulay2
• Book3264Examples

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