Quotient of Bergman kernels on punctured Riemann surfaces

Conformal metrics (hyperbolic, Poincaré, distance functions) (30F45) Bergman spaces and Fock spaces (30H20) Sheaves and cohomology of sections of holomorphic vector bundles, general results (32L10)

Abstract: In this paper we consider a punctured Riemann surface endowed with a Hermitian metric that equals the Poincar{'e} metric near the punctures, and a holomorphic line bundle that polarizes the metric. We show that the quotient of the Bergman kernel of high tensor powers of the line bundle and of the Bergman kernel of the Poincar{'e} model near the singularity tends to one up to arbitrary negative powers of the tensor power.

Review text

Let \(\overline\Sigma\) be a compact Riemann surface, \(D=\{a_1,\ldots,a_N\}\subset\overline\Sigma\) a finite set, and \(\Sigma=\overline\Sigma\setminus D\). Assume that \(\omega_\Sigma\) is a Hermitian metric on \(\Sigma\) and that \(L\) is a holomorphic line bundle on \(\overline\Sigma\) endowed with a metric \(h\) which is smooth on \(\Sigma\) and such that every \(a_j\in D\) has a neighborhood \(\overline V_j\) in \(\overline\Sigma\) with coordinate \(z_j\) on which there is a trivialization of \(L\) with \(|1|^2_h(z_j)=\big|\log(|z_j|^2)\big|\). Moreover, assume that the curvature \(R^L\) of \(h\) satisfies \(iR^L=\omega_\Sigma\) on \(V_j=\overline V_j\setminus\{a_j\}\) and \(iR^L\geq\varepsilon\omega_\Sigma\) on \(\Sigma\), for some \(\varepsilon>0\). Hence \((\Sigma,\omega_\Sigma,L,h)|_{{\mathbb D}_r^\star}=({\mathbb D}^\star,\omega_{{\mathbb D}^\star},\mathbb C,h_{{\mathbb D}^\star})|_{{\mathbb D}_r^\star}\) in the local coordinate \(z_j\) near \(a_j\) for some \(r>0\), where \({\mathbb D}_r^\star\) is the punctured disc of radius \(r\) centered at \(a_j\). Here \(\omega_{{\mathbb D}^\star}\) is the standard Poincaré metric of the punctured unit disc \({\mathbb D}^\star\) and \(h_{{\mathbb D}^\star}=\big|\log(|z|^2)\big|h_0\), where \(h_0\) is the flat Hermitian metric on the trivial bundle on \(\mathbb C\). Let \(H^0_{(2)}(\Sigma,L^p)\) be the space of \(L^2\)-holomorphic sections of \(L^p:=L^{\otimes p}\) with respect to the metrics \(h^p:=h^{\otimes p}\) and \(\omega_\Sigma\), and let \(B_p\) be the corresponding Bergman kernel function. Let \(B^{{\mathbb D}^\star}_p\) be the Bergman kernel function of \(({\mathbb D}^\star,\omega_{{\mathbb D}^\star},\mathbb C,h_{{\mathbb D}^\star}^p)\). In an earlier paper [Math. Ann. 379, No. 3--4, 951--1002 (2021; Zbl 1480.30034)], the authors showed that \(B^{{\mathbb D}^\star}_p\) is the local model for \(B_p\) near \(a_j\): if \(r>0\) is sufficiently small then for any \(k\in\mathbb N\), \(\ell>0\), \(\delta\geq0\) there exists a constant \(C=C_{k,\ell,\alpha}\) such that, for all \(p\geq1\), \[ \Big|B^{{\mathbb D}^\star}_p(x)-B_p(x)\Big|_{C^k}\leq Cp^{-\ell}\big|\log(|x|^2)\big|^{-\delta} \] holds on \({\mathbb D}_r^\star\). The main result of the present paper is a uniform estimate on the ratio of the two Bergman kernels near the punctures. Namely, in the above setup, for any \(\ell>0\) there exists a constant \(C\) such that for any \(p\geq1\) one has \[ \sup_{x\in V_1\cup\ldots\cup V_N}\Big|\frac{B_p}{B^{{\mathbb D}^\star}_p}(x)-1\Big|\leq Cp^{-\ell}. \]

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