Z₂ invariants of topological insulators as geometric obstructions

DOI10.1007/S00220-015-2552-0zbMATH Open1346.81158arXiv1408.1030OpenAlexW3121833206MaRDI QIDQ281142FDOQ281142

Domenico Fiorenza, Domenico Monaco, G. Panati

Publication date: 10 May 2016

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider a gapped periodic quantum system with time-reversal symmetry of fermionic (or odd) type, i.e. the time-reversal operator squares to -1. We investigate the existence of periodic and time-reversal invariant Bloch frames in dimensions 2 and 3. In 2d, the obstruction to the existence of such a frame is shown to be encoded in a $mathbb{Z}_2$-valued topological invariant, which can be computed by a simple algorithm. We prove that the latter agrees with the Fu-Kane index. In 3d, instead, four $mathbb{Z}_2$ invariants emerge from the construction, again related to the Fu-Kane-Mele indices. When no topological obstruction is present, we provide a constructive algorithm yielding explicitly a periodic and time-reversal invariant Bloch frame. The result is formulated in an abstract setting, so that it applies both to discrete models and to continuous ones.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1030

zbMATH Keywords

topological invariants\(\mathbb{Z}_2\) Fu-Kane-Mele indicesBloch-Floquet representationcompleteness of the \(\mathbb{Z}_2\) invariantsgapped periodic quantum systemsinteger-valued topological invariantsK-theory classificationslocal and global Bloch framesobstructionsquantum Hall effectspectral eigenprojectors of the gapsymmetric Bloch framestime-reversal symmetric (TRS) topological insulators

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Riemann-Roch theorems, Chern characters (19L10) Normal functions of one complex variable, normal families (30D45) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Topological invariants ((DN), ((Omega)), etc.) for locally convex spaces (46A63) (K)-theory operations and generalized cohomology operations in algebraic topology (55S25)

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Cited In (28)

• Approximate symmetries and conservation laws in topological insulators and associated \(\mathbb{Z}\)-invariants
• On the construction of composite Wannier functions
• On the Bott index of unitary matrices on a finite torus
• Parseval frames of exponentially localized magnetic Wannier functions
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