Global Very Weak Solutions to a Chemotaxis-Fluid System with Nonlinear Diffusion

DOI10.1137/17M1159488zbMATH Open1394.35226arXiv1712.00262WikidataQ129558598 ScholiaQ129558598MaRDI QIDQ3176429FDOQ3176429

Tobias Black

Publication date: 20 July 2018

Published in: SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the chemotaxis-fluid system �egin{align}label{star} ag{$diamondsuit$} left{ �egin{array}{r@{,}c@{,}c@{ }l@{quad}l@{quad}l@{,}c} n_{t}&+&ucdot!

abla n&=Delta n^m- abla!cdot(n abla c), &xinOmega,& t>0,\ c_{t}&+&ucdot! abla c&=Delta c-c+n, &xinOmega,& t>0,\ u_{t}&+&(ucdot abla)u&=Delta u+ abla P+n ablaphi, &xinOmega,& t>0,\ &&

ablacdot u&=0, &xinOmega,& t>0, end{array} ight. end{align} in a bounded domain $Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^3$ with smooth boundary and $m>1$. Assuming $m>frac43$ and sufficiently regular nonnegative initial data, we ensure the existence of global solutions to the no-flux-Dirichlet boundary value problem for eqref{star} under a suitable notion of very weak solvability, which in different variations has been utilized in the literature before. Comparing this with known results for the fluid-free setting of eqref{star} the condition appears to be optimal with respect to global existence. In case of the stronger assumption $m>frac53$ we moreover establish the existence of at least one global weak solution in the standard sense. In our analysis we investigate a functional of the form $in{t}_{Omega}!n^{m-1}+in{t}_{Omega}!c^2$ to obtain a spatio-temporal $L^2$ estimate on $abla{n}^{m-1}$, which will be the starting point in deriving a series of compactness properties for a suitably regularized version of eqref{star}. As the regularity information obtainable from these compactness results vary depending on the size of $m$, we will find that taking $m>frac53$ will yield sufficient regularity to pass to the limit in the integrals appearing in the weak formulation, while for $m>frac43$ we have to rely on milder regularity requirements making only very weak solutions attainable.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.00262

zbMATH Keywords

chemotaxisgeneralized solutionsglobal existenceNavier-Stokesnonlinear diffusion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

PDEs in connection with fluid mechanics (35Q35) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Nonlinear parabolic equations (35K55) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Cell movement (chemotaxis, etc.) (92C17)

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