The comfortable driving model revisited: traffic phases and phase transitions
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Publication:3301636
Abstract: We study the spatiotemporal patterns resulting from different boundary conditions for a microscopic traffic model and contrast it with empirical results. By evaluating the time series of local measurements, the local traffic states are assigned to the different traffic phases of Kerner's three-phase traffic theory. For this classification we use the rule-based FOTO-method, which provides `hard' rules for this assignment. Using this approach, our analysis shows that the model is indeed able to reproduce three qualitatively different traffic phases: free flow (F), synchronized traffic (S), and wide moving jams (J). In addition, we investigate the likelihood of transitions between the three traffic phases. We show that a transition from free flow (F) to a wide moving jam (J) often involves an intermediate transition; first from free flow F to synchronized flow S and then from synchronized flow to a wide moving jam. This is supported by the fact that the so called F->S transition (from free flow to synchronized traffic) is much more likely than a direct F->J transition. The model under consideration has a functional relation between traffic flow and traffic density. The fundamental hypothesis of the three-phase traffic theory, however, postulates that the steady states of synchronized flow occupy a two-dimensional region in the flow-density plane. Due to the obvious discrepancy between the model investigated here and the postulate of the three-phase traffic theory, the good agreement that we found could not be expected. For a more detailed analysis, we also studied the vehicle dynamics at a microscopic level and provide a comparison of real detector data with simulated data of the identical highway segment.
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Cites work
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Cited in
(11)- First- and second-order phase transitions from free flow to synchronized flow
- Deterministic microscopic three-phase traffic flow models
- Criterion for traffic phases in single vehicle data and empirical test of a microscopic three-phase traffic theory
- A macro traffic flow model accounting for real-time traffic state
- Failure of classical traffic flow theories: stochastic highway capacity and automatic driving
- Breakdown minimization principle versus Wardrop's equilibria for dynamic traffic assignment and control in traffic and transportation networks: a critical mini-review
- An extended car-following model accounting for the average headway effect in intelligent transportation system
- An empirical study of phase transitions from synchronized flow to jams on a single-lane highway
- A simple stochastic cellular automaton for synchronized traffic flow
- Transitions between quasi-stationary states in traffic systems: cologne orbital motorways as an example
- A microscopic model for phase transitions in traffic flow
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