Emptiness formation probability, Toeplitz determinants, and conformal field theory
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Publication:3301949
Two-dimensional field theories, conformal field theories, etc. in quantum mechanics (81T40) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Exactly solvable models; Bethe ansatz (82B23) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10)
Abstract: We revisit the study of the emptiness formation probability, the probability of forming a sequence of spins with the same ferromagnetic orientation in the ground-state of a quantum spin chain. We focus on two different examples, exhibiting strikingly different behavior: the XXZ and Ising chains. One has a conserved number of particles, the other does not. In the latter we show that the sequence of fixed spins can be viewed as an additional boundary in imaginary time. We then use conformal field theory (CFT) techniques to derive all universal terms in its scaling, and provide checks in free fermionic systems. These are based on numerical simulations or, when possible, mathematical results on the asymptotic behavior of Toeplitz and Toeplitz+Hankel determinants. A perturbed CFT analysis uncovers an interesting correction, that also appears in the closely related spin full counting statistics. The XXZ case turns out to be more challenging, as scale invariance is broken. We use a simple qualitative picture in which the ferromagnetic sequence of spins freezes all degrees of freedom inside of a certain "arctic" region, that we determine numerically. We also provide numerical evidence for the existence of universal logarithmic terms, generated by the massless field theory living outside of the arctic region.
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Cited in
(21)- Entanglement entropies of an interval in the free Schrödinger field theory at finite density
- Inhomogeneous field theory inside the arctic circle
- Emptiness formation probability of the six-vertex model and the sixth Painlevé equation
- Shannon entropy in quasiparticle states of quantum chains
- Real-time dynamics in a strongly interacting bosonic hopping model: global quenches and mapping to the XX chain
- Entanglement entropy after a partial projective measurement in \(1 + 1\) dimensional conformal field theories: exact results
- Entanglement asymmetry and quantum Mpemba effect in the XY spin chain
- Emptiness formation probability and Painlevé V equation in the XY spin chain
- Diagonal entropy in many-body systems: volume effect and quantum phase transitions
- Holographic weak measurement
- Asymptotics of Toeplitz determinants and the emptiness formation probability for the XY spin chain
- Exact solution of the 2d dimer model: corner free energy, correlation functions and combinatorics
- Scaling of the formation probabilities and universal boundary entropies in the quantum XY spin chain
- Emptiness formation probability
- Finite size corrections to scaling of the formation probabilities and the Casimir effect in the conformal field theories
- On the emptiness formation probability of the open XXZ spin-1/2 chain
- Entanglement asymmetry in CFT and its relation to non-topological defects
- Boundary emptiness formation probabilities in the six-vertex model at $\mathbf{\Delta }=-\frac{\mathbf{1}}{\mathbf{2}}$
- A universal formula for the entanglement asymmetry of matrix product states
- Symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy in critical free-fermion chains
- Return probability after a quench from a domain wall initial state in the spin-1/2 XXZ chain
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