Theory-independent limits on correlations from generalized Bayesian networks
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Publication:3387139
Abstract: Bayesian networks provide a powerful tool for reasoning about probabilistic causation, used in many areas of science. They are, however, intrinsically classical. In particular, Bayesian networks naturally yield the Bell inequalities. Inspired by this connection, we generalise the formalism of classical Bayesian networks in order to investigate non-classical correlations in arbitrary causal structures. Our framework of `generalised Bayesian networks' replaces latent variables with the resources of any generalised probabilistic theory, most importantly quantum theory, but also, for example, Popescu-Rohrlich boxes. We obtain three main sets of results. Firstly, we prove that all of the observable conditional independences required by the classical theory also hold in our generalisation; to obtain this, we extend the classical -separation theorem to our setting. Secondly, we find that the theory-independent constraints on probabilities can go beyond these conditional independences. For example we find that no probabilistic theory predicts perfect correlation between three parties using only bipartite common causes. Finally, we begin a classification of those causal structures, such as the Bell scenario, that may yield a separation between classical, quantum and general-probabilistic correlations.
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Cited in
(30)- Generalization of measurement-induced nonlocality In the bilocal scenario
- Correlations in \(n\)-local scenario
- Polynomial Bell inequalities
- Quantum causal modelling
- Characterizing nonbilocal correlation: a geometric perspective
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- Analysing causal structures with entropy
- Margins of discrete Bayesian networks
- Upper bound for variational free energy of Bayesian networks
- Quantifying measurement-induced nonbilocal correlation
- On generalized entropies and information-theoretic Bell inequalities under decoherence
- Decomposing all multipartite non-signalling channels via quasiprobabilistic mixtures of local channels in generalised probabilistic theories
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- Bell's local causality is a d-separation criterion
- Optimal quantum networks and one-shot entropies
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