A discrete Gauss-Green identity for unbounded Laplace operators, and the transience of random walks

DOI10.1007/S11856-012-0165-2zbMATH Open1275.05054arXiv0906.1586OpenAlexW2017222095MaRDI QIDQ375875FDOQ375875

Palle Jorgensen, Erin P. J. Pearse

Publication date: 1 November 2013

Published in: Israel Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A resistance network is a connected graph $(G,c)$. The conductance function $c_{xy}$ weights the edges, which are then interpreted as resistors of possibly varying strengths. The relationship between the natural Dirichlet form $mathcalE$ and the discrete Laplace operator $Delta$ on a finite network is given by $mathcalE(u,v)=lau,Lapv{a}_2$, where the latter is the usual $el{l}^2$ inner product. We extend this formula to infinite networks, where a new (boundary) term appears. The Laplace operator is typically unbounded in this context; we construct a reproducing kernel for the space of functions of finite energy which allows us to specify a dense domain for $Delta$ and give several criteria for the transience of the random walk on the network. The extended Gauss-Green identity and the reproducing kernel are the foundation for a boundary integral representation for harmonic functions of finite energy, akin to that of Martin boundary theory.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0906.1586

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zbMATH Keywords

reproducing kernelconnected weighted undirected graphdiscrete Laplace operatorfinite networkGauss-Green identityharmonic functions of finite energyinfinite networksnatural Dirichlet formnetwork boundary

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graphs and linear algebra (matrices, eigenvalues, etc.) (05C50) Markov chains (discrete-time Markov processes on discrete state spaces) (60J10) Infinite graphs (05C63) Structural characterization of families of graphs (05C75) Random walks on graphs (05C81) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25)

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Cited In (20)

• A note on Neumann problems on graphs
• Unbounded operators in Hilbert space, duality rules, characteristic projections, and their applications
• Harmonic analysis invariants for infinite graphs via operators and algorithms
• Graph signal sampling and interpolation based on clusters and averages
• Von Neumann indices and classes of positive definite functions
• Nonuniform sampling, reproducing kernels, and the associated Hilbert spaces
• Global properties of Dirichlet forms on discrete spaces
• Symmetric pairs of unbounded operators in Hilbert space, and their applications in mathematical physics
• Monopoles, dipoles, and harmonic functions on Bratteli diagrams
• Continuum versus discrete networks, graph Laplacians, and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces
• Frames and factorization of graph Laplacians
• Reflection positivity, duality, and spectral theory
• Essential self-adjointness for combinatorial Schrödinger operators. II. Metrically non complete graphs
• Parabolic theory of the discrete \(p\)-Laplace operator
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• Symmetric pairs and self-adjoint extensions of operators, with applications to energy networks
• Spectral reciprocity and matrix representations of unbounded operators
• Reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces via sampling in discrete spaces
• New Hilbert space tools for analysis of graph Laplacians and Markov processes

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