scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1182963
A natural number \(n\) is a \(\theta\)-congruent number if there exists a triangle such that (1) three sides are rational, (2) one angle is \(\theta\), (3) the area is \(n\alpha_\theta\), where \(\cos\theta=s/r\), \(\sin\theta =\alpha_\theta/r\) \((\alpha= \sqrt{r^2-s^2}\), uniquely determined by \(\theta)\). Also the following elliptic curve is introduced \[ E_{n,\theta}: y^2=x\bigl( x+(r+s)n\bigr) \bigl(x-(r-s) n\bigr). \] Then the following three theorems are proved. [1] For any \(\theta\) and any \(n(\neq 1,2,3,6)\), \(n\) is \(\theta\)-congruent if and only if \(E_{n,\theta}(\mathbb{Q})\) has a positive rank; [2] For any \(\theta\), there exist infinitely many \(\theta\)-congruent numbers in each residue class modulo 8; [3] A prime \(p\) is not \(\pi/3\)-congruent if \(p\) is congruent modulo 24 to 5, 7 or 19. (A natural number \(n\) is called congruent if it is the area of a right triangle with rational sides). For the entire collection see [Zbl 0887.00013].
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