Accelerating universe with time variation of G and

DOI10.1007/S10509-011-0901-9zbMATH Open1238.83067arXiv0802.0028OpenAlexW3105537682MaRDI QIDQ422266FDOQ422266

Authors: F. Darabi 

Publication date: 16 May 2012

Published in: Astrophysics and Space Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study a gravitational model in which scale transformations play the key role in obtaining dynamical $G$ and $Lambda$. We take a scale non-invariant gravitational action with a cosmological constant and a gravitational coupling constant. Then, by a scale transformation, through a dilaton field, we obtain a new action containing cosmological and gravitational coupling terms which are dynamically dependent on the dilaton field with Higgs type potential. The vacuum expectation value of this dilaton field, through spontaneous symmetry breaking on the basis of anthropic principle, determines the time variations of $G$ and $Lambda$. The relevance of these time variations to the current acceleration of the universe, coincidence problem, Mach's cosmological coincidence and those problems of standard cosmology addressed by inflationary models, are discussed. The current acceleration of the universe is shown to be a result of phase transition from radiation toward matter dominated eras. No real coincidence problem between matter and vacuum energy densities exists in this model and this apparent coincidence together with Mach's cosmological coincidence are shown to be simple consequences of a new kind of scale factor dependence of the energy momentum density as $hosim{a}^{-4}$. This model also provides the possibility for a super fast expansion of the scale factor at very early universe by introducing exotic type matter like cosmic strings.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0802.0028

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zbMATH Keywords

acceleration of the universetime variation of \(G\) and \(\Lambda \)

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exact solutions to problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C15) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30) Relativistic cosmology (83F05) Astrophysical cosmology (85A40)

Cites Work

• The fundamental constants and their variation: observational and theoretical status
• The Cosmological Constants
• FRW cosmology with variable \(G\) and \(\Lambda \)
• Variable \(G\) corrections to statefinder parameters of dark energy
• Conformal invariance, accelerating universe and the cosmological constant problem
• Time variation of G and   within models with extra dimensions
• Mechanism for a decaying cosmological constant

Cited In (4)

• Accelerating universe from an evolving \(\Lambda\) in higher dimension
• Acceleration of dust-ball expansion due to GR gravitational time dilation
• Gravitational coupling, dynamical changes of units and the cosmological constant problem
• Gravitational coupling and the cosmological constant

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