scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1021776

Existence theories for optimal control problems involving partial differential equations (49J20) Optimality conditions for solutions belonging to restricted classes (Lipschitz controls, bang-bang controls, etc.) (49K30) Sensitivity, stability, well-posedness (49K40) Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Rods (beams, columns, shafts, arches, rings, etc.) (74K10) Optimization problems in solid mechanics (74P99)

Review text

The author investigates the following minimization problem. Minimize \[ J_\varepsilon(v)= \int_\Omega (\textstyle{{1\over 2}}|\nabla v|^2- 2v)dx+ f_\varepsilon(|x\in\Omega: v(x)>0|) \] over a suitable class of admissible functions, being constant on a given set \(H\). Here \(\Omega= \mathbb{R}^n\backslash\overline H\), and \(f_\varepsilon\) is a mollification of \(f_0(s)\) with \(f_0(s)= 0\) for \(s\leq \omega_0\) and \(f_0=\infty\) else. Among other things it is shown that the minimizers of \(J_0\) and \(J_\varepsilon\) coincide for small \(\varepsilon\). Thus the support of a minimizer, restricted to \(\Omega\) has measure \(\omega_0\), and the boundary of this support is the free boundary in the title of the paper. The author investigates existence and regularity questions and solves a formidable number of technical problems along the way. Nevertheless the exposition is very clear. Interesting applications of her results can be found in another paper [\textit{C. Lederman}, Differ. Integral Equ. 8, No. 8, 2025-2044 (1995; Zbl 0832.73041)] they answer the following question. Among all cylindrical bars, with cross section of a given area and with a single given hole in it, find the one with maximum torsional rigidity.

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