Orthogonal polynomials in the normal matrix model with a cubic potential

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2012.03.021zbMATH Open1250.42079arXiv1106.6168OpenAlexW1975558060MaRDI QIDQ436237FDOQ436237

Arno B. J. Kuijlaars, Pavel M. Bleher

Publication date: 20 July 2012

Published in: Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the normal matrix model with a cubic potential. The model is ill-defined, and in order to reguralize it, Elbau and Felder introduced a model with a cut-off and corresponding system of orthogonal polynomials with respect to a varying exponential weight on the cut-off region on the complex plane. In the present paper we show how to define orthogonal polynomials on a specially chosen system of infinite contours on the complex plane, without any cut-off, which satisfy the same recurrence algebraic identity that is asymptotically valid for the orthogonal polynomials of Elbau and Felder. The main goal of this paper is to develop the Riemann-Hilbert (RH) approach to the orthogonal polynomials under consideration and to obtain their asymptotic behavior on the complex plane as the degree $n$ of the polynomial goes to infinity. As the first step in the RH approach, we introduce an auxiliary vector equilibrium problem for a pair of measures $(m{u}_1,m{u}_2)$ on the complex plane. We then formulate a $3imes3$ matrix valued RH problem for the orthogonal polynomials in hand, and we apply the nonlinear steepest descent method of Deift-Zhou to the asymptotic analysis of the RH problem. The central steps in our study are a sequence of transformations of the RH problem, based on the equilibrium vector measure $(m{u}_1,m{u}_2)$, and the construction of a global parametrix. The main result of this paper is a derivation of the large $n$ asymptotics of the orthogonal polynomials on the whole complex plane. We prove that the distribution of zeros of the orthogonal polynomials converges to the measure $m{u}_1$, the first component of the equilibrium measure. We also obtain analytical results for the measure $m{u}_1$ relating it to the distribution of eigenvalues in the normal matrix model which is uniform in a domain bounded by a simple closed curve.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1106.6168

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zbMATH Keywords

vector equilibrium problemorthogonal polynomialsRiemann-Hilbert problemlogarithmic potentialnormal matrix modelHermitian formssteepest descent analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

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Cited In (27)

• Integrability-preserving regularizations of Laplacian Growth
• The planar low temperature Coulomb gas: separation and equidistribution
• Planar equilibrium measure problem in the quadratic fields with a point charge
• Discontinuity in the asymptotic behavior of planar orthogonal polynomials under a perturbation of the Gaussian weight
• Determinantal Coulomb Gas Ensembles with a Class of Discrete Rotational Symmetric Potentials
• Berezin density and planar orthogonal polynomials
• Planar orthogonal polynomials as Type II multiple orthogonal polynomials
• The Mother Body Phase Transition in the Normal Matrix Model
• The ellipse law: Kirchhoff meets dislocations
• First-order global asymptotics for confined particles with singular pair repulsion
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• From Boltzmann to random matrices and beyond
• Wronskian structures of planar symplectic ensembles
• Critical measures for vector energy: global structure of trajectories of quadratic differentials
• Strong Asymptotics of Planar Orthogonal Polynomials: Gaussian Weight Perturbed by Finite Number of Point Charges
• Deformed Ginibre ensembles and integrable systems
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• Strong Asymptotics of the Orthogonal Polynomials with Respect to a Measure Supported on the Plane
• A vector equilibrium problem for symmetrically located point charges on a sphere
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• Exponential moments for disk counting statistics at the hard edge of random normal matrices

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