Causal inference through potential outcomes and principal stratification: application to studies with ``censoring due to death
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Causal inference through potential outcomes and principal stratification: application to studies with ``censoring'' due to death
Causal inference through potential outcomes and principal stratification: application to studies with ``censoring'' due to death
Abstract: Causal inference is best understood using potential outcomes. This use is particularly important in more complex settings, that is, observational studies or randomized experiments with complications such as noncompliance. The topic of this lecture, the issue of estimating the causal effect of a treatment on a primary outcome that is ``censored by death, is another such complication. For example, suppose that we wish to estimate the effect of a new drug on Quality of Life (QOL) in a randomized experiment, where some of the patients die before the time designated for their QOL to be assessed. Another example with the same structure occurs with the evaluation of an educational program designed to increase final test scores, which are not defined for those who drop out of school before taking the test. A further application is to studies of the effect of job-training programs on wages, where wages are only defined for those who are employed. The analysis of examples like these is greatly clarified using potential outcomes to define causal effects, followed by principal stratification on the intermediated outcomes (e.g., survival).
Recommendations
- Identifiability and estimation of causal effects by principal stratification with outcomes truncated by death
- Causal inference for non-mortality outcomes in the presence of death
- Identification and estimation of causal effects with outcomes truncated by death
- Principal stratification in causal inference
- Identifiability of causal effects for binary variables with baseline data missing due to death
- Causal inference from strip-plot designs in a potential outcomes framework
- Rejoinder
- On Estimation of the Survivor Average Causal Effect in Observational Studies When Important Confounders Are Missing Due to Death
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Cited in
(28)- Rejoinder
- Assessing Causal Effects in a Longitudinal Observational Study With “Truncated” Outcomes Due to Unemployment and Nonignorable Missing Data
- A multiple imputation procedure for record linkage and causal inference to estimate the effects of home-delivered meals
- Defining estimands in clinical trials: a unified procedure
- Assessing the ratio of means as a causal estimand in clinical endpoint bioequivalence studies in the presence of intercurrent events
- A novel estimand to adjust for rescue treatment in randomized clinical trials
- Conditional Separable Effects
- Identification and estimation of causal effects in the presence of confounded principal strata
- Methods for clustered encouragement design studies with noncompliance and missing data
- Outcome-wide longitudinal designs for causal inference: a new template for empirical studies
- Principal quantile treatment effect estimation using principal scores
- The balanced survivor average causal effect
- Targeted learning with daily EHR data
- Conceptual, computational and inferential benefits of the missing data perspective in applied and theoretical statistical problems
- Multistate models as a framework for estimand specification in clinical trials of complex processes
- Sensitivity analysis for principal ignorability violation in estimating complier and noncomplier average causal effects
- Dealing with death when studying disease or physiological marker: the stochastic system approach to causality
- The sensitivity of linear regression coefficients' confidence limits to the omission of a confounder
- Nested Markov Compliance Class Model in the Presence of Time‐Varying Noncompliance
- Likelihood inference for models with unobservables: another view
- Bayesian inference for a principal stratum estimand to assess the treatment effect in a subgroup characterized by postrandomization event occurrence
- Asymptotic properties of resampling-based processes for the average treatment effect in observational studies with competing risks
- Evaluating the Effect of Training on Wages in the Presence of Noncompliance, Nonemployment, and Missing Outcome Data
- The fragility of standard inferential approaches in principal stratification models relative to direct likelihood approaches
- Longitudinal data with follow-up truncated by death: match the analysis method to research aims
- Identification of causal effects within principal strata using auxiliary variables
- A mixed model approach to estimate the survivor average causal effect in cluster-randomized trials
- Causal inference: a missing data perspective
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