scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1789973
closed geodesicConley-Zehnder indexHamiltonian systemLagrangian systemMorse indexsymplectic groupsymplectic matrix
Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-02) Index theory for dynamical systems, Morse-Conley indices (37B30) Abstract critical point theory (Morse theory, Lyusternik-Shnirel'man theory, etc.) in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E05) Lagrange's equations (70H03) Hamilton's equations (70H05) Periodic and almost periodic solutions for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H12)
The paper surveys the author's results on the iteration theory of the index of symplectic matrix paths. A symplectic matrix path is a continuous function from the interval \([0,\tau]\) (for some fixed \(\tau)\) into \(Sp (2n)\), which is equal to \(I\) at 0. In a natural way, iterations of symplectic paths are defined. The index, defined for a symplectic path \(\gamma\) and a given number \(\omega\) from the unit circle, is an element of \(\mathbb{Z} \times\{0,1,\dots,2n\}\). Formulas and estimates on the index of iterated paths are given. In particular, there is a formula generalizing the Bott's one on the iterated Morse index for closed geodesics. As applications to nonlinear Hamiltonian systems, the results on the conjectures of Rabinowitz and Conley, and the conjecture on multiplicity of closed characteristics are presented. A comprehensive presentation of the results given in the paper is contained in the author's book [Index theory for symplectic paths with applications, Progress in Mathematics (Boston, Mass.). 207. Basel: Birkhäuser (2002; Zbl 1012.37012)]. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0993.00022].
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2070295
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