Optimal Location of Resources for Biased Movement of Species: The 1D Case

DOI10.1137/17M1124255zbMATH Open1378.49055arXiv1704.08016OpenAlexW2949166295MaRDI QIDQ4591195FDOQ4591195

Yannick Privat, Fabien Caubet, Thibaut Deheuvels

Publication date: 13 November 2017

Published in: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate an optimal design problem motivated by some issues arising in population dynamics. In a nutshell, we aim at determining the optimal shape of a region occupied by resources for maximizing the survival ability of a species in a given box and we consider the general case of Robin boundary conditions on its boundary. Mathematically, this issue can be modeled with the help of an extremal indefinite weight linear eigenvalue problem. The optimal spatial arrangement is obtained by minimizing the positive principal eigenvalue with respect to the weight, under a L 1 constraint standing for limitation of the total amount of resources. The specificity of such a problem rests upon the presence of nonlinear functions of the weight both in the numerator and denominator of the Rayleigh quotient. By using adapted symmetrization procedures, a well-chosen change of variable, as well as necessary optimality conditions, we completely solve this optimization problem in the unidimensional case by showing first that every minimizer is unimodal and bang-bang. This leads to investigate a finite dimensional optimization problem. This allows to show in particular that every minimizer is (up to additive constants) the characteristic function of three possible domains: an interval that sticks on the boundary of the box, an interval that is symmetrically located at the middle of the box, or, for a precise value of the Robin coefficient, all intervals of a given fixed length.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.08016

zbMATH Keywords

optimizationcalculus of variationspopulation dynamicsprincipal eigenvaluebang-bang functionsrearrangement/symmetrization

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Boundary eigenvalue problems for ordinary differential equations (34B09) Eigenvalues, estimation of eigenvalues, upper and lower bounds of ordinary differential operators (34L15) Existence theories for optimal control problems involving ordinary differential equations (49J15) Existence of optimal solutions belonging to restricted classes (Lipschitz controls, bang-bang controls, etc.) (49J30) Optimality conditions for problems involving partial differential equations (49K20) Variational methods for eigenvalues of operators (49R05)

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Cited In (11)

• Some comparison results and a partial bang-bang property for two-phases problems in balls
• Asymptotics of the Principal Eigenvalue for a Linear Time-Periodic Parabolic Operator I: Large Advection
• Some Novel Results in Two Species Competition
• On principal eigenvalues of measure differential equations and a patchy Neumann eigenvalue problem
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• Optimisation of the total population size with respect to the initial condition for semilinear parabolic equations: two-scale expansions and symmetrisations

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