Fixed Point Theorems for Plane Continua with Applications

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Publication:4979148

DOI10.1090/S0065-9266-2012-00671-XzbMATH Open1341.37024arXiv1004.0214MaRDI QIDQ4979148FDOQ4979148


Authors: John C. Mayer, Lex Oversteegen, Alexander Blokh, Robbert Fokkink, E. D. Tymchatyn Edit this on Wikidata


Publication date: 17 June 2014

Published in: Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We present proofs of basic results, including those developed by Harold Bell, for the plane fixed point problem: does every map of a non-separating plane continuum have a fixed point? Some of these results had been announced much earlier by Bell but without accessible proofs. We define the concept of the variation of a map on a simple closed curve and relate it to the index of the map on that curve: Index = Variation + 1. A fixed point theorem for positively oriented, perfect maps of the plane is obtained. This generalizes results announced by Bell in 1982. A continuous map of an interval to the real line which sends the endpoints in opposite directions has a fixed point. We generalize this to maps on non-invariant continua in the plane under positively oriented maps of the plane (with appropriate boundary conditions). These methods imply that in some cases non-invariant continua in the plane are degenerate. This has important applications in complex dynamics. E.g., a special case of our results shows that if X is a non-separating invariant subcontinuum of the Julia set of a polynomial P containing no fixed Cremer points and exhibiting no local rotation at all fixed points, then X must be a point. It follows that impressions of some external rays to polynomial Julia sets are degenerate.


Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.0214




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