Is a nonlocal diffusion strategy convenient for biological populations in competition?

DOI10.1007/S00285-016-1019-ZzbMATH Open1362.35312arXiv1503.01629OpenAlexW2120424464WikidataQ46551805 ScholiaQ46551805MaRDI QIDQ504066FDOQ504066

Authors: Annalisa Massaccesi, Enrico Valdinoci 

Publication date: 25 January 2017

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the convenience of a nonlocal dispersal strategy in a reaction-diffusion system with a fractional Laplacian operator. We show that there are circumstances - namely, a precise condition on the distribution of the resource - under which a nonlocal dispersal behavior is favored. In particular, we consider the linearization of a biological system that models the interaction of two biological species, one with local and one with nonlocal dispersal, that are competing for the same resource. We give a simple, concrete example of resources for which the equilibrium with only the local population becomes linearly unstable. In a sense, this example shows that nonlocal strategies can become successful even in an environment in which purely local strategies are dominant at the beginning, provided that the resource is sufficiently sparse. Indeed, the example considered presents a high variance of the distribution of the dispersal, thus suggesting that the shortage of resources and their unbalanced supply may be some of the basic ingredients that favor nonlocal strategies.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.01629

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zbMATH Keywords

population dynamicsfractional equations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11)

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Cited In (43)

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