On the canonical, fpqc, and finite topologies on affine schemes. The state of the art
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Publication:5075124
canonical coverGrothendieck topologybig Cohen-Macaulay algebrasdirect summand theoremsplintersfpqc cover
Morphisms of commutative rings (13B10) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to algebraic geometry (14-02) Relevant commutative algebra (14A05) Grothendieck topologies and Grothendieck topoi (18F10) Extension theory of commutative rings (13B02) Schemes and morphisms (14A15) Derived categories of sheaves, dg categories, and related constructions in algebraic geometry (14F08)
Abstract: This is a systematic study of the behaviour of finite coverings of (affine) schemes with regard to two Grothendieck topologies: the canonical topology and the fpqc topology. The history of the problem takes roots in the foundations of Grothendieck topologies, passes through main strides in Commutative Algebra and leads to new Mathematics up to perfectoids and prisms. We first review the canonical topology of affine schemes and show, keeping with Olivier's lost work, that it coincides with the effective descent topology; covering maps are given by universally injective ring maps, which we discuss in detail. We then give a "catalogue raisonn'e" of examples of finite coverings which separate the canonical, fpqc and fppf topologies. The key result is that finite coverings of regular schemes are coverings for the canonical topology, and even for the fpqc topology (but not necessarily for the fppf topology). We discuss a "weakly functorial" aspect of this result. "Splinters" are those affine Noetherian schemes for which every finite covering is a covering for the canonical topology. We also investigate their mysterious fpqc analogs, and prove that in prime characteristic, they are all regular. This leads us to the problem of descent of regularity by (non-necessarily flat) morphisms which are coverings for the fpqc topology, which is settled thanks to a recent theorem of Bhatt-Iyengar-Ma.
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- Big Cohen-Macaulay algebras and seeds
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- Contracted ideals from integral extensions of regular rings
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- Derived splinters in positive characteristic
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- Direct summand conjecture and descent for flatness
- F-Purity and Rational Singularity
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- Singularities in mixed characteristic via perfectoid big Cohen-Macaulay algebras
- Singularities of locally acyclic cluster algebras
- Singularités rationnelles et quotients par les groupes réductifs. (Rational singularities and quotients by reductive groups)
- Splitting in integral extensions, Cohen-Macaulay modules and algebras
- Splitting results in module-finite extension rings and Koh's conjecture
- Submersion et descente. (Submersion and descent)
- Submersions and effective descent of étale morphisms
- The direct factor conjecture
- The purity of the Frobenius and local cohomology
- The vanishing conjecture for maps of Tor and derived splinters
- Weak functoriality of Cohen-Macaulay algebras
- \(F\)-singularities: applications of characteristic \(p\) methods to singularity theory
- ℚ-Gorenstein splinter rings of characteristic p are F-regular
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