Transition asymptotics for the Painlevé II transcendent

DOI10.1215/00127094-3714650MaRDI QIDQ516141zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Thomas Bothner

Publication date 22 March 2017

Published in Duke Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.03402, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.dmj/1481879045

zbMATH Keywords

Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest descent methodRiemann-Hilbert problemsecond Painlevé equationtransition asymptotics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bessel and Airy functions, cylinder functions, ({}_0F_1) (33C10) Asymptotic properties of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D05) Asymptotic expansions of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34E05) Perturbations, asymptotics of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34E10) Singularities, monodromy and local behavior of solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain, normal forms (34M35) Inverse problems (Riemann-Hilbert, inverse differential Galois, etc.) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M50) Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55)

Abstract: We consider real-valued solutions $u=u(x|s),xinmathbbR$ of the second Painlev'e equation $u_{xx}=xu+2u^3$ which are parametrized in terms of the monodromy data $sequiv(s_1,s_2,s_3)subsetmathbb{C}^3$ of the associated Flaschka-Newell system of rational differential equations. Our analysis describes the transition, as $xightarrow-infty$, between the oscillatory power-like decay asymptotics for $|s_1|<1$ (Ablowitz-Segur) to the power-like growth behavior for $|s_1|=1$ (Hastings-McLeod) and from the latter to the singular oscillatory power-like growth for $|s_1|>1$ (Kapaev). It is shown that the transition asymptotics are of Boutroux type, i.e. they are expressed in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions. As applications of our results we obtain asymptotics for the Airy kernel determinant $det(I-gamma{K}_{extnormalAi}){|}_{L^2(x,infty)}$ in a double scaling limit $xightarrow-infty,gammauparrow1$ as well as asymptotics for the spectrum of $K_{extnormalAi}$.

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Cited in

(21)

• Large deformations of the Tracy-Widom distribution. I: Non-oscillatory asymptotics
• On the increasing tritronquée solutions of the Painlevé-II equation
• Global rigidity and exponential moments for soft and hard edge point processes
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• The lower tail of the half-space KPZ equation
• Open problems for Painlevé equations
• Hankel determinant and orthogonal polynomials for a Gaussian weight with a discontinuity at the edge
• Symmetrization in the geometric theory of functions of a complex variable
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 929738 (Why is no real title available?)
• Connection formulas for the Ablowitz-Segur solutions of the inhomogeneous Painlevé II equation
• On the origins of Riemann–Hilbert problems in mathematics*
• Fredholm determinant representation of the homogeneous Painlevé II τ-function
• The -function of the Ablowitz-Segur family of solutions to Painlevé II as a Widom constant
• Resurgent trans-series for generalized Hastings–McLeod solutions
• Determinantal point processes conditioned on randomly incomplete configurations
• Probability of two large gaps in the bulk and at the edge of the spectrum of random matrices
• Asymptotics of the determinant of the modified Bessel functions and the second Painlevé equation
• Inner transition layer in solutions of the discrete Painlevé II equation
• Asymptotics of the finite-temperature sine kernel determinant
• The Tracy-Widom distribution at large Dyson index
• Asymptotics and zeros of a special family of Jacobi polynomials

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