The C-numerical range in infinite dimensions

Abstract: In infinite dimensions and on the level of trace-class operators

C

rather than matrices, we show that the closure of the

C

-numerical range

W_{C} (T)

is always star-shaped with respect to the set

o p e r a t o r n a m e t r (C) W_{e} (T)

, where

W_{e} (T)

denotes the essential numerical range of the bounded operator

T

. Moreover, the closure of

W_{C} (T)

is convex if either

C

is normal with collinear eigenvalues or if

T

is essentially self-adjoint. In the case of compact normal operators, the

C

-spectrum of

T

is a subset of the

C

-numerical range, which itself is a subset of the convex hull of the closure of the

C

-spectrum. This convex hull coincides with the closure of the

C

-numerical range if, in addition, the eigenvalues of

C

or

T

are collinear.

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