Rational spectral methods for PDEs involving fractional Laplacian in unbounded domains

DOI10.1137/19M1244299zbMATH Open1447.65161arXiv1905.02476WikidataQ114074262 ScholiaQ114074262MaRDI QIDQ5220409FDOQ5220409

Lilian Wang, Tao Tang, Huifang Yuan, Tao Zhou

Publication date: 20 March 2020

Published in: SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Many PDEs involving fractional Laplacian are naturally set in unbounded domains with underlying solutions decay very slowly, subject to certain power laws. Their numerical solutions are under-explored. This paper aims at developing accurate spectral methods using rational basis (or modified mapped Gegenbauer functions) for such models in unbounded domains. The main building block of the spectral algorithms is the explicit representations for the Fourier transform and fractional Laplacian of the rational basis, derived from some useful integral identites related to modified Bessel functions. With these at our disposal, we can construct rational spectral-Galerkin and direct collocation schemes by pre-computing the associated fractional differentiation matrices. We obtain optimal error estimates of rational spectral approximation in the fractional Sobolev spaces, and analyze the optimal convergence of the proposed Galerkin scheme. We also provide ample numerical results to show that the rational method outperforms the Hermite function approach.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.02476

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zbMATH Keywords

fractional Laplacianunbounded domainsGegenbauer polynomialsFourier transformsdirect collocation schemefractional differentiation matricesmodified rational functionsrational spectral-Galerkin

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11) Interpolation in approximation theory (41A05) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30) Spectral, collocation and related methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N35) Rate of convergence, degree of approximation (41A25) Spectral, collocation and related methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M70) Numerical methods for discrete and fast Fourier transforms (65T50)

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Cited In (40)

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Uses Software

• Digital Library of Mathematical Functions

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