Voltage Stabilization in Microgrids via Quadratic Droop Control

DOI10.1109/TAC.2016.2585094zbMATH Open1366.94794arXiv1507.00431MaRDI QIDQ5282372FDOQ5282372

Authors: John W. Simpson-Porco, Florian Dörfler, Francesco Bullo 

Publication date: 27 July 2017

Published in: IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the problem of voltage stability and reactive power balancing in islanded small-scale electrical networks outfitted with DC/AC inverters ("microgrids"). A droop-like voltage feedback controller is proposed which is quadratic in the local voltage magnitude, allowing for the application of circuit-theoretic analysis techniques to the closed-loop system. The operating points of the closed-loop microgrid are in exact correspondence with the solutions of a reduced power flow equation, and we provide explicit solutions and small-signal stability analyses under several static and dynamic load models. Controller optimality is characterized as follows: we show a one-to-one correspondence between the high-voltage equilibrium of the microgrid under quadratic droop control, and the solution of an optimization problem which minimizes a trade-off between reactive power dissipation and voltage deviations. Power sharing performance of the controller is characterized as a function of the controller gains, network topology, and parameters. Perhaps surprisingly, proportional sharing of the total load between inverters is achieved in the low-gain limit, independent of the circuit topology or reactances. All results hold for arbitrary grid topologies, with arbitrary numbers of inverters and loads. Numerical results confirm the robustness of the controller to unmodeled dynamics.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.00431

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Stabilization of systems by feedback (93D15) Fault detection; testing in circuits and networks (94C12)

Cited In (9)

• On the Robust Distributed Secondary Control of Islanded Inverter-Based Microgrids
• Distributed control for state-of-charge balance and load voltage regulation in DC microgrids with clustered generations
• Stable current sharing and voltage balancing in DC microgrids: a consensus-based secondary control layer
• Geometrical characterization of sensor placement for cone-invariant and multi-agent systems against undetectable zero-dynamics attacks
• A scalable, line-independent control design algorithm for voltage and frequency stabilization in AC islanded microgrids
• Codimension-two bifurcation analysis in DC microgrids under droop control
• Synchronisation of heterogeneous Kuramoto oscillators with sampled information and a constant leader
• Stability analysis of DC micro-grids with CPLs under novel decentralized primary and distributed secondary control
• Observer-based distributed control and synchronization analysis of inverter-based nonlinear power systems

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