scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2201264
Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations (34C05) Theory of limit cycles of polynomial and analytic vector fields (existence, uniqueness, bounds, Hilbert's 16th problem and ramifications) for ordinary differential equations (34C07) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23)
The family of planar polynomial differential systems \[ \dot{x}= - y + \delta x + l x^2 + m x y + n y^2, \qquad \dot{y}= x ( 1 + b y ),\tag{1} \] corresponds to type (III), with \(a=0\), in the Chinese classification of quadratic systems (cf. pages 262--263 of the book of \textit{Yen-Chi'en Yeh} [Theory of limit cycles. Transl. from the Chinese by \textit{Chi Y. Lo}, ed. by \textit{S. H. Gould} and \textit{J. K. Hale}. Translations of Mathematical Monographs, 66. Providence, RI.: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (1986; Zbl 0588.34022)]). In the same book it is proved that if system (1) has a limit cycle, then it is unique. System (1) with \(b=0\) corresponds to type (I) in the Chinese classification of quadratic systems. In the book of Ye, the topological structure of the phase-portraits of system (1) with \(b=0\) around the origin of coordinates \(O\), for which a limit cycle can appear, is studied. Following this study, in this paper, the phase-portrait in a neighborhood of \(O\) of system (1) is analyzed in terms of the variation of the values of all parameters \(\delta\), \(l\), \(m\), \(n\), \(b\). In particular, the generation and disappearance of limit cycles is studied. Some new topological structures of the phase-portraits appear when \(b \neq 0\), which did not happen for \(b=0\).
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