A Bayesian view of doubly robust causal inference: Table 1.
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Publication:5384401
Abstract: In causal inference confounding may be controlled either through regression adjustment in an outcome model, or through propensity score adjustment or inverse probability of treatment weighting, or both. The latter approaches, which are based on modelling of the treatment assignment mechanism and their doubly robust extensions have been difficult to motivate using formal Bayesian arguments, in principle, for likelihood-based inferences, the treatment assignment model can play no part in inferences concerning the expected outcomes if the models are assumed to be correctly specified. On the other hand, forcing dependency between the outcome and treatment assignment models by allowing the former to be misspecified results in loss of the balancing property of the propensity scores and the loss of any double robustness. In this paper, we explain in the framework of misspecified models why doubly robust inferences cannot arise from purely likelihood-based arguments, and demonstrate this through simulations. As an alternative to Bayesian propensity score analysis, we propose a Bayesian posterior predictive approach for constructing doubly robust estimation procedures. Our approach appropriately decouples the outcome and treatment assignment models by incorporating the inverse treatment assignment probabilities in Bayesian causal inferences as importance sampling weights in Monte Carlo integration.
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Cited in
(23)- Combining Parametric and Nonparametric Models to Estimate Treatment Effects in Observational Studies
- Causal inference: a missing data perspective
- A semiparametric modeling approach using Bayesian additive regression trees with an application to evaluate heterogeneous treatment effects
- Model feedback in Bayesian propensity score estimation
- On ``Reflections on the concept of optimality of single decision point treatment regimes
- Bayesian propensity scores for high-dimensional causal inference: a comparison of drug-eluting to bare-metal coronary stents
- Bayesian Causality
- The role of exchangeability in causal inference
- Semiparametric Bayesian doubly robust causal estimation
- Constructing inverse probability weights for institutional comparisons in healthcare
- Bayesian estimation of the average treatment effect on the treated using inverse weighting
- A Review of Spatial Causal Inference Methods for Environmental and Epidemiological Applications
- Causal inference accounting for unobserved confounding after outcome regression and doubly robust estimation
- Dynamic treatment regimes using Bayesian additive regression trees for censored outcomes
- Bayesian inference for optimal dynamic treatment regimes in practice
- Causal inference in high dimensions: A marriage between Bayesian modeling and good frequentist properties
- Doubly robust-type estimation for covariate adjustment in latent variable modeling
- Improving the causal treatment effect estimation with propensity scores by the bootstrap
- Generalized Propensity Score Approach to Causal Inference with Spatial Interference
- Bayesian causal inference with bipartite record linkage
- Causal inference under mis-specification: adjustment based on the propensity score (with discussion)
- Approximate Bayesian inference for doubly robust estimation
- Multiple robustness estimation in causal inference
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