Optimal tail exponents in general last passage percolation via bootstrapping \& geodesic geometry

DOI10.1007/S00440-023-01204-WzbMATH Open1528.60095arXiv2007.03594OpenAlexW4366990838MaRDI QIDQ6041767FDOQ6041767

Authors: Shirshendu Ganguly, Milind Hegde 

Publication date: 12 May 2023

Published in: Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider last passage percolation on $mathbb{Z}^2$ with general weight distributions, which is expected to be a member of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. In this model, an oriented path between given endpoints which maximizes the sum of the i.i.d. weight variables associated to its vertices is called a geodesic. Under natural conditions of curvature of the limiting geodesic weight profile and stretched exponential decay of both tails of the point-to-point weight, we use geometric arguments to upgrade the assumptions to prove optimal upper and lower tail behavior with the exponents of $3/2$ and $3$ for the weight of the geodesic from $(1,1)$ to $(r,r)$ for all large finite $r$. The proofs merge several ideas, including the well known super-additivity property of last passage values, concentration of measure behavior for sums of stretched exponential random variables, and geometric insights coming from the study of geodesics and more general objects called geodesic watermelons. Previously such optimal behavior was only known for exactly solvable models, with proofs relying on hard analysis of formulas from integrable probability, which are unavailable in the general setting. Our results illustrate a facet of universality in a class of KPZ stochastic growth models and provide a geometric explanation of the upper and lower tail exponents of the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution, the conjectured one point scaling limit of such models. The key arguments are based on an observation of general interest that super-additivity allows a natural iterative bootstrapping procedure to obtain improved tail estimates.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.03594

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zbMATH Keywords

last passage percolationKardar-Parisi-Zhang universality classgeodesic geometry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Percolation (82B43)

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• Uniform fluctuation and wandering bounds in first passage percolation
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• Pinning, diffusive fluctuations, and Gaussian limits for half-space directed polymer models
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• Upper tail bounds for stationary KPZ models
• Optimal-order exit point bounds in exponential last-passage percolation via the coupling technique
• The geometry of near ground states in Gaussian polymer models
• The lower tail of \(q\)-pushTASEP

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