H^0 of Igusa varieties via automorphic forms
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Publication:6060144
Abstract: Our main theorem describes the degree 0 cohomology of Igusa varieties in terms of one-dimensional automorphic representations in the setup of mod p Hodge-type Shimura varieties with hyperspecial level at p, mirroring the well known analogue for complex Shimura varieties. As an application, we obtain a completely new approach to two geometric questions. (See Sect. 1.5 for a comparison with independent results by van Hoften and Xiao via a different approach.) Firstly, we verify the discrete part of the Hecke orbit conjecture, which amounts to irreducibility of central leaves, generalizing preceding works by Chai, Oort, Yu, et al. Secondly, we deduce irreducibility of Igusa towers and its generalization to non-basic Igusa varieties in the same generality, extending previous results by Igusa, Ribet, Faltings--Chai, Hida, and others. Our proof is based on a Langlands--Kottwitz-type formula for Igusa varieties due to Mack-Crane, an asymptotic study of the trace formula, and an estimate for unitary representations and their Jacquet modules in representation theory of -adic groups due to Howe--Moore and Casselman.
In the present paper, the authors describe \(H^0\) of Igusa varieties via one-dimensional automorphic representations over non-basic Newton strata of Hodge-type Shimura varieties at hyperspecial level. This is an analogue of the well-known fact that \(H^0\) of complex Shimura varieties is governed by one-dimensional automorphic representations. In order to achieve this, they develop a method and obtain various technical results with a view towards the entire cohomology of Igusa varieties as an alternating sum over all degrees. This provides a new approach and perspective to the following two problems by means of automorphic forms and representation theory. Firstly, they deduce irreducibility of Igusa towers and its generalization to non-basic Igusa varieties in the same generality. Secondly, they verify the discrete part of the Hecke orbit conjecture, which amounts to the assertion that the irreducible components of a non-basic central leaf belong to a single prime-to-\(p\) Hecke orbit. In fact, the cohomology of Igusa varieties is closely related to that of Shimura varieties via the Jacquet module operation at \(p\), relative to a proper parabolic subgroup in the non-basic case. To show that only one-dimensional automorphic representations contribute to \(H^0\) of Igusa varieties, the key representation-theoretic input is an estimate for the central action on Jacquet modules.
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